
See:
- http://mirror.ctan.org/language/turkish/hyphen/turk_hyf.c
- http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb09-1/tb20mackay.pdf

-------
Original encoding:

a
a=  â
e
i   ı
i=  î
i:  i
o
o=  ô
o:  ö
u
u:  ü

-------

character / UTF-8 letter / EC code / Unicode / Unicode name

@      -- arabic hamza
#      -- ayn
b
c
c:  ç  E7 U+00E7   LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
d
d!  ḍ  -- U+1E0D   LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH DOT BELOW
d=  ḏ  -- U+1E0F   LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH LINE BELOW
f
g
g=  ğ  A7 U+011F   LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH BREVE
g:  ġ  -- U+0121   LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE
h
h!  ḥ  -- U+1E25   LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH DOT BELOW
h=  ẖ  -- U+1E96   LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH LINE BELOW
j
k
k!  ḳ  -- U+1E33   LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH DOT BELOW
l
m
n
n=  ñ  F1 U+00F1   LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE
p
r
s
s!  ṣ  -- U+1E63   LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH DOT BELOW
s=     --    s with line below - not even in unicode
s:  ş  B3 U+015F   LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CEDILLA
t
t!  ṭ  -- U+1E6D   LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH DOT BELOW
t=  ṯ  -- U+1E6F   LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH LINE BELOW
v
y
z
z!  ẓ  -- U+1E93   LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH DOT BELOW
z=  ẕ  -- U+1E95   LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH LINE BELOW
z:  ż  BB U+017C   LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH DOT ABOVE
