Qt 5.11 | Core Internals

Qt 5.11.3 Reference Documentation

# Core Internals

Qt contains a rich set of fundamental enablers, mainly from the Qt Core module. Qt uses these enablers to provide higher-level UI and application development components. The following topics explain the most important enablers and show how to use them to implement specialized functionality not already provided by Qt.

## Objects, Properties, and Events

The QObject class forms the foundation of Qt's object model and is the parent class of many Qt classes. The object model introduces many mechanisms such as a meta-object system which allows run-time introspection, manipulation, and invocation of properties and methods in the object. It also serves as the basis for Qt's event system, which is a low-level way of communicating between QObject-based objects. Another high-level form of communication is provided in Qt's signals and slots mechanism.

These features can also be used in combination with the State Machine Framework which provides a formally defined and predictable way of managing the states of your application. An alternative way of implementing state machines is using the Qt SCXML add-on module to create them from State Chart XML (SCXML) files.

In addition, QObject provides a simple timing mechanism with QObject::startTimer(). Alternatively, the QTimer class provides a high-level interface for timers.

- Object Model
- The Meta-Object System
- The Property System
- The Event System
- Signals & Slots
  - Differences between String-Based and Functor-Based Connections
- The State Machine Framework
- Timers

## Container Classes

A container is a data structure whose instances are collections of other objects. Some examples of containers are: dynamic arrays, queues, linked lists, and associative arrays. Qt provides a set of general purpose, template-based container classes for structuring data in memory.

See the full list of Container Classes for more details.

## Internationalization

Qt uses Unicode for the encoding of displayable text strings. Unicode provides support for all commonly used writing systems in the world and is ideal for cross-platform development. Applications can also be written to support any number of different languages with one code base using Qt's powerful internationalization system.

- Unicode in Qt
- Internationalization with Qt

## Inter-Process Communication

Qt provides several classes to support communication between processes. You can also launch and manage external processes using the QProcess class.

- Inter-Process Communication in Qt

## Threading

Qt provides functionality to manage threads and parallelized code in a safe and platform-independent way.

- Threading Basics
- Thread Support in Qt

## Platform Support

Qt allows you to write platform-independent code, where the same code base can be compiled for and deployed on different platforms without any changes. In cases where you need to use platform-specific features and integrate with system libraries, Qt also provides solutions for this.

Qt integrates with the windowing system on the target platform using Qt Platform Abstraction (QPA). QPA is an abstraction of a windowing system which makes porting Qt to new platforms simple and quick. One such system is the Wayland protocol. Qt can be used together with Wayland as a light-weight windowing system on embedded hardware to support a multi-process graphical user interface.

The Qt Platform Abstraction uses Qt's plugin system. This plugin system provides APIs to extend Qt in specific areas (such as adding support for new image formats, database drivers, and so on) and also for writing your own extensible Qt applications which support third-party plugins.

- Qt Platform Abstraction
- Implementing Atomic Operations - for new architectures
- How to Create Qt Plugins
- Endian Conversion Functions - functions for handling endianness from the QtEndian header