unihex2bmp.c
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/**
@file unihex2bmp.c
@brief unihex2bmp - Turn a GNU Unifont hex glyph page of 256 code points
into a bitmap for editing
@author Paul Hardy, unifoundry <at> unifoundry.com, December 2007
@copyright Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2013, 2017 Paul Hardy
This program reads in a GNU Unifont .hex file, extracts a range of
256 code points, and converts it a Microsoft Bitmap (.bmp) or Wireless
Bitmap file.
Synopsis: unihex2bmp [-iin_file.hex] [-oout_file.bmp]
[-f] [-phex_page_num] [-w]
*/
/*
LICENSE:
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/*
20 June 2017 [Paul Hardy]:
- Adds capability to output triple-width and quadruple-width (31 pixels
wide, not 32) glyphs. The 32nd column in a glyph cell is occupied by
the vertical cell border, so a quadruple-width glyph can only occupy
the first 31 columns; the 32nd column is ignored.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAXBUF 256
/**
@brief GNU Unifont bitmaps for hexadecimal digits.
These are the GNU Unifont hex strings for '0'-'9' and 'A'-'F',
for encoding as bit strings in row and column headers.
Looking at the final bitmap as a grid of 32*32 bit tiles, the
first row contains a hexadecimal character string of the first
3 hex digits in a 4 digit Unicode character name; the top column
contains a hex character string of the 4th (low-order) hex digit
of the Unicode character.
*/
char *hex[18]= {
"0030:00000000182442424242424224180000", /* Hex digit 0 */
"0031:000000000818280808080808083E0000", /* Hex digit 1 */
"0032:000000003C4242020C102040407E0000", /* Hex digit 2 */
"0033:000000003C4242021C020242423C0000", /* Hex digit 3 */
"0034:00000000040C142444447E0404040000", /* Hex digit 4 */
"0035:000000007E4040407C020202423C0000", /* Hex digit 5 */
"0036:000000001C2040407C424242423C0000", /* Hex digit 6 */
"0037:000000007E0202040404080808080000", /* Hex digit 7 */
"0038:000000003C4242423C424242423C0000", /* Hex digit 8 */
"0039:000000003C4242423E02020204380000", /* Hex digit 9 */
"0041:0000000018242442427E424242420000", /* Hex digit A */
"0042:000000007C4242427C424242427C0000", /* Hex digit B */
"0043:000000003C42424040404042423C0000", /* Hex digit C */
"0044:00000000784442424242424244780000", /* Hex digit D */
"0045:000000007E4040407C404040407E0000", /* Hex digit E */
"0046:000000007E4040407C40404040400000", /* Hex digit F */
"0055:000000004242424242424242423C0000", /* Unicode 'U' */
"002B:0000000000000808087F080808000000" /* Unicode '+' */
};
unsigned char hexbits[18][32]; ///< The digits converted into bitmaps.
unsigned unipage=0; ///< Unicode page number, 0x00..0xff.
int flip=1; ///< Transpose entire matrix as in Unicode book.
/**
@brief The main function.
@param[in] argc The count of command line arguments.
@param[in] argv Pointer to array of command line arguments.
@return This program exits with status 0.
*/
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int i, j; /* loop variables */
unsigned k0; /* temp Unicode char variable */
unsigned swap; /* temp variable for swapping values */
char inbuf[256]; /* input buffer */
unsigned filesize; /* size of file in bytes */
unsigned bitmapsize; /* size of bitmap image in bytes */
unsigned thischar; /* the current character */
unsigned char thischarbyte; /* unsigned char lowest byte of Unicode char */
int thischarrow; /* row 0..15 where this character belongs */
int thiscol; /* column 0..15 where this character belongs */
int toppixelrow; /* pixel row, 0..16*32-1 */
unsigned lastpage=0; /* the last Unicode page read in font file */
int wbmp=0; /* set to 1 if writing .wbmp format file */
unsigned char bitmap[17*32][18*4]; /* final bitmap */
unsigned char charbits[32][4]; /* bitmap for one character, 4 bytes/row */
char *infile="", *outfile=""; /* names of input and output files */
FILE *infp, *outfp; /* file pointers of input and output files */
int init(); /* initializes bitmap row/col labeling, &c. */
int hex2bit(); /* convert hex string --> bitmap */
bitmapsize = 17*32*18*4; /* 17 rows by 18 cols, each 4 bytes */
if (argc > 1) {
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
if (argv[i][0] == '-') { /* this is an option argument */
switch (argv[i][1]) {
case 'f': /* flip (transpose) glyphs in bitmap as in standard */
flip = !flip;
break;
case 'i': /* name of input file */
infile = &argv[i][2];
break;
case 'o': /* name of output file */
outfile = &argv[i][2];
break;
case 'p': /* specify a Unicode page other than default of 0 */
sscanf (&argv[i][2], "%x", &unipage); /* Get Unicode page */
break;
case 'w': /* write a .wbmp file instead of a .bmp file */
wbmp = 1;
break;
default: /* if unrecognized option, print list and exit */
fprintf (stderr, "\nSyntax:\n\n");
fprintf (stderr, " %s -p<Unicode_Page> ", argv[0]);
fprintf (stderr, "-i<Input_File> -o<Output_File> -w\n\n");
fprintf (stderr, " -w specifies .wbmp output instead of ");
fprintf (stderr, "default Windows .bmp output.\n\n");
fprintf (stderr, " -p is followed by 1 to 6 ");
fprintf (stderr, "Unicode page hex digits ");
fprintf (stderr, "(default is Page 0).\n\n");
fprintf (stderr, "\nExample:\n\n");
fprintf (stderr, " %s -p83 -iunifont.hex -ou83.bmp\n\n\n",
argv[0]);
exit (1);
}
}
}
}
/*
Make sure we can open any I/O files that were specified before
doing anything else.
*/
if (strlen (infile) > 0) {
if ((infp = fopen (infile, "r")) == NULL) {
fprintf (stderr, "Error: can't open %s for input.\n", infile);
exit (1);
}
}
else {
infp = stdin;
}
if (strlen (outfile) > 0) {
if ((outfp = fopen (outfile, "w")) == NULL) {
fprintf (stderr, "Error: can't open %s for output.\n", outfile);
exit (1);
}
}
else {
outfp = stdout;
}
(void)init(bitmap); /* initialize bitmap with row/column headers, etc. */
/*
Read in the characters in the page
*/
while (lastpage <= unipage && fgets (inbuf, MAXBUF-1, infp) != NULL) {
sscanf (inbuf, "%x", &thischar);
lastpage = thischar >> 8; /* keep Unicode page to see if we can stop */
if (lastpage == unipage) {
thischarbyte = (unsigned char)(thischar & 0xff);
for (k0=0; inbuf[k0] != ':'; k0++);
k0++;
hex2bit (&inbuf[k0], charbits); /* convert hex string to 32*4 bitmap */
/*
Now write character bitmap upside-down in page array, to match
.bmp file order. In the .wbmp` and .bmp files, white is a '1'
bit and black is a '0' bit, so complement charbits[][].
*/
thiscol = (thischarbyte & 0xf) + 2; /* column number will be 1..16 */
thischarrow = thischarbyte >> 4; /* charcter row number, 0..15 */
if (flip) { /* swap row and column placement */
swap = thiscol;
thiscol = thischarrow;
thischarrow = swap;
thiscol += 2; /* column index starts at 1 */
thischarrow -= 2; /* row index starts at 0 */
}
toppixelrow = 32 * (thischarrow + 1) - 1; /* from bottom to top */
/*
Copy the center of charbits[][] because hex characters only
occupy rows 8 to 23 and column byte 2 (and for 16 bit wide
characters, byte 3). The charbits[][] array was given 32 rows
and 4 column bytes for completeness in the beginning.
*/
for (i=8; i<24; i++) {
bitmap[toppixelrow + i][(thiscol << 2) | 0] =
~charbits[i][0] & 0xff;
bitmap[toppixelrow + i][(thiscol << 2) | 1] =
~charbits[i][1] & 0xff;
bitmap[toppixelrow + i][(thiscol << 2) | 2] =
~charbits[i][2] & 0xff;
/* Only use first 31 bits; leave vertical rule in 32nd column */
bitmap[toppixelrow + i][(thiscol << 2) | 3] =
~charbits[i][3] & 0xfe;
}
/*
Leave white space in 32nd column of rows 8, 14, 15, and 23
to leave 16 pixel height upper, middle, and lower guides.
*/
bitmap[toppixelrow + 8][(thiscol << 2) | 3] |= 1;
bitmap[toppixelrow + 14][(thiscol << 2) | 3] |= 1;
bitmap[toppixelrow + 15][(thiscol << 2) | 3] |= 1;
bitmap[toppixelrow + 23][(thiscol << 2) | 3] |= 1;
}
}
/*
Now write the appropriate bitmap file format, either
Wireless Bitmap or Microsoft Windows bitmap.
*/
if (wbmp) { /* Write a Wireless Bitmap .wbmp format file */
/*
Write WBMP header
*/
fprintf (outfp, "%c", 0x00); /* Type of image; always 0 (monochrome) */
fprintf (outfp, "%c", 0x00); /* Reserved; always 0 */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c", 0x84, 0x40); /* Width = 576 pixels */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c", 0x84, 0x20); /* Height = 544 pixels */
/*
Write bitmap image
*/
for (toppixelrow=0; toppixelrow <= 17*32-1; toppixelrow++) {
for (j=0; j<18; j++) {
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) ]);
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) | 1]);
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) | 2]);
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) | 3]);
}
}
}
else { /* otherwise, write a Microsoft Windows .bmp format file */
/*
Write the .bmp file -- start with the header, then write the bitmap
*/
/* 'B', 'M' appears at start of every .bmp file */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c", 0x42, 0x4d);
/* Write file size in bytes */
filesize = 0x3E + bitmapsize;
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((filesize ) & 0xff));
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((filesize >> 0x08) & 0xff));
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((filesize >> 0x10) & 0xff));
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((filesize >> 0x18) & 0xff));
/* Reserved - 0's */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Offset from start of file to bitmap data */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x3E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Length of bitmap info header */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Width of bitmap in pixels */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x40, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Height of bitmap in pixels */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Planes in bitmap (fixed at 1) */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c", 0x01, 0x00);
/* bits per pixel (1 = monochrome) */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c", 0x01, 0x00);
/* Compression (0 = none) */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Size of bitmap data in bytes */
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((bitmapsize ) & 0xff));
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((bitmapsize >> 0x08) & 0xff));
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((bitmapsize >> 0x10) & 0xff));
fprintf (outfp, "%c", (unsigned char)((bitmapsize >> 0x18) & 0xff));
/* Horizontal resolution in pixels per meter */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0xC4, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Vertical resolution in pixels per meter */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0xC4, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Number of colors used */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* Number of important colors */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* The color black: B=0x00, G=0x00, R=0x00, Filler=0xFF */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
/* The color white: B=0xFF, G=0xFF, R=0xFF, Filler=0xFF */
fprintf (outfp, "%c%c%c%c", 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00);
/*
Now write the raw data bits. Data is written from the lower
left-hand corner of the image to the upper right-hand corner
of the image.
*/
for (toppixelrow=17*32-1; toppixelrow >= 0; toppixelrow--) {
for (j=0; j<18; j++) {
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) ]);
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) | 1]);
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) | 2]);
fprintf (outfp, "%c", bitmap[toppixelrow][(j<<2) | 3]);
}
}
}
exit (0);
}
/**
@brief Generate a bitmap for one glyph.
Convert the portion of a hex string after the ':' into a character bitmap.
If string is >= 128 characters, it will fill all 4 bytes per row.
If string is >= 64 characters and < 128, it will fill 2 bytes per row.
Otherwise, it will fill 1 byte per row.
@param[in] instring The character array containing the glyph bitmap.
@param[out] character Glyph bitmap, 8, 16, or 32 columns by 16 rows tall.
@return Always returns 0.
*/
int
hex2bit (char *instring, unsigned char character[32][4])
{
int i; /* current row in bitmap character */
int j; /* current character in input string */
int k; /* current byte in bitmap character */
int width; /* number of output bytes to fill - 1: 0, 1, 2, or 3 */
for (i=0; i<32; i++) /* erase previous character */
character[i][0] = character[i][1] = character[i][2] = character[i][3] = 0;
j=0; /* current location is at beginning of instring */
if (strlen (instring) <= 34) /* 32 + possible '\r', '\n' */
width = 0;
else if (strlen (instring) <= 66) /* 64 + possible '\r', '\n' */
width = 1;
else if (strlen (instring) <= 98) /* 96 + possible '\r', '\n' */
width = 3;
else /* the maximum allowed is quadruple-width */
width = 4;
k = (width > 1) ? 0 : 1; /* if width > double, start at index 1 else at 0 */
for (i=8; i<24; i++) { /* 16 rows per input character, rows 8..23 */
sscanf (&instring[j], "%2hhx", &character[i][k]);
j += 2;
if (width > 0) { /* add next pair of hex digits to this row */
sscanf (&instring[j], "%2hhx", &character[i][k+1]);
j += 2;
if (width > 1) { /* add next pair of hex digits to this row */
sscanf (&instring[j], "%2hhx", &character[i][k+2]);
j += 2;
if (width > 2) { /* quadruple-width is maximum width */
sscanf (&instring[j], "%2hhx", &character[i][k+3]);
j += 2;
}
}
}
}
return (0);
}
/**
@brief Initialize the bitmap grid.
@param[out] bitmap The bitmap to generate, with 32x32 pixel glyph areas.
@return Always returns 0.
*/
int
init (unsigned char bitmap[17*32][18*4])
{
int i, j;
unsigned char charbits[32][4]; /* bitmap for one character, 4 bytes/row */
unsigned toppixelrow;
unsigned thiscol;
unsigned char pnybble0, pnybble1, pnybble2, pnybble3;
for (i=0; i<18; i++) { /* bitmaps for '0'..'9', 'A'-'F', 'u', '+' */
hex2bit (&hex[i][5], charbits); /* convert hex string to 32*4 bitmap */
for (j=0; j<32; j++) hexbits[i][j] = ~charbits[j][1];
}
/*
Initialize bitmap to all white.
*/
for (toppixelrow=0; toppixelrow < 17*32; toppixelrow++) {
for (thiscol=0; thiscol<18; thiscol++) {
bitmap[toppixelrow][(thiscol << 2) ] = 0xff;
bitmap[toppixelrow][(thiscol << 2) | 1] = 0xff;
bitmap[toppixelrow][(thiscol << 2) | 2] = 0xff;
bitmap[toppixelrow][(thiscol << 2) | 3] = 0xff;
}
}
/*
Write the "u+nnnn" table header in the upper left-hand corner,
where nnnn is the upper 16 bits of a 32-bit Unicode assignment.
*/
pnybble3 = (unipage >> 20);
pnybble2 = (unipage >> 16) & 0xf;
pnybble1 = (unipage >> 12) & 0xf;
pnybble0 = (unipage >> 8) & 0xf;
for (i=0; i<32; i++) {
bitmap[i][1] = hexbits[16][i]; /* copy 'u' */
bitmap[i][2] = hexbits[17][i]; /* copy '+' */
bitmap[i][3] = hexbits[pnybble3][i];
bitmap[i][4] = hexbits[pnybble2][i];
bitmap[i][5] = hexbits[pnybble1][i];
bitmap[i][6] = hexbits[pnybble0][i];
}
/*
Write low-order 2 bytes of Unicode number assignments, as hex labels
*/
pnybble3 = (unipage >> 4) & 0xf; /* Highest-order hex digit */
pnybble2 = (unipage ) & 0xf; /* Next highest-order hex digit */
/*
Write the column headers in bitmap[][] (row headers if flipped)
*/
toppixelrow = 32 * 17 - 1; /* maximum pixel row number */
/*
Label the column headers. The hexbits[][] bytes are split across two
bitmap[][] entries to center a the hex digits in a column of 4 bytes.
OR highest byte with 0xf0 and lowest byte with 0x0f to make outer
nybbles white (0=black, 1-white).
*/
for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
for (j=0; j<32; j++) {
if (flip) { /* transpose matrix */
bitmap[j][((i+2) << 2) | 0] = (hexbits[pnybble3][j] >> 4) | 0xf0;
bitmap[j][((i+2) << 2) | 1] = (hexbits[pnybble3][j] << 4) |
(hexbits[pnybble2][j] >> 4);
bitmap[j][((i+2) << 2) | 2] = (hexbits[pnybble2][j] << 4) |
(hexbits[i][j] >> 4);
bitmap[j][((i+2) << 2) | 3] = (hexbits[i][j] << 4) | 0x0f;
}
else {
bitmap[j][((i+2) << 2) | 1] = (hexbits[i][j] >> 4) | 0xf0;
bitmap[j][((i+2) << 2) | 2] = (hexbits[i][j] << 4) | 0x0f;
}
}
}
/*
Now use the single hex digit column graphics to label the row headers.
*/
for (i=0; i<16; i++) {
toppixelrow = 32 * (i + 1) - 1; /* from bottom to top */
for (j=0; j<32; j++) {
if (!flip) { /* if not transposing matrix */
bitmap[toppixelrow + j][4] = hexbits[pnybble3][j];
bitmap[toppixelrow + j][5] = hexbits[pnybble2][j];
}
bitmap[toppixelrow + j][6] = hexbits[i][j];
}
}
/*
Now draw grid lines in bitmap, around characters we just copied.
*/
/* draw vertical lines 2 pixels wide */
for (i=1*32; i<17*32; i++) {
if ((i & 0x1f) == 7)
i++;
else if ((i & 0x1f) == 14)
i += 2;
else if ((i & 0x1f) == 22)
i++;
for (j=1; j<18; j++) {
bitmap[i][(j << 2) | 3] &= 0xfe;
}
}
/* draw horizontal lines 1 pixel tall */
for (i=1*32-1; i<18*32-1; i+=32) {
for (j=2; j<18; j++) {
bitmap[i][(j << 2) ] = 0x00;
bitmap[i][(j << 2) | 1] = 0x81;
bitmap[i][(j << 2) | 2] = 0x81;
bitmap[i][(j << 2) | 3] = 0x00;
}
}
/* fill in top left corner pixel of grid */
bitmap[31][7] = 0xfe;
return (0);
}
main
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
The main function.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:96
hexbits
unsigned char hexbits[18][32]
The digits converted into bitmaps.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:82
flip
int flip
Transpose entire matrix as in Unicode book.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:85
unipage
unsigned unipage
Unicode page number, 0x00..0xff.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:84
init
int init(unsigned char bitmap[17 *32][18 *4])
Initialize the bitmap grid.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:412
hex2bit
int hex2bit(char *instring, unsigned char character[32][4])
Generate a bitmap for one glyph.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:361
MAXBUF
#define MAXBUF
Maximum allowable input file line length - 1.
Definition: unibdf2hex.c:37
hex
char * hex[18]
GNU Unifont bitmaps for hexadecimal digits.
Definition: unihex2bmp.c:62