Алан Дэй (Allan Day)
aday@gnome.org
Якуб Штайнер (Jakub Steiner)
Выбор и создание значков.

# Creating icons

This page provides guidelines for those creating their own icons, including both full-color icons (typically used for application icons) and symbolic icons (typically used for user interface controls). For a more general overview of icon styles and usage, including the stock icons that are available, see icons and artwork.

# Full-color icons

The full-color icon style is most commonly used for application icons. The nominal size of full-color icons is 128×128px. However, because application icons are sometimes presented at lower resolutions, they should only feature detail that is presentable at 64×64px resolution: anything more detailed would get lost by filtering/scaling down.

The full-color icon template includes a 2px grid which should help you avoid adding detail that's finer than the desired threshold.

## Perspective & shape

Full-color icons should be rendered with a simple orthogonal view and no real or isometric perspective. To provide depth a raised effect can be applied to mimic the Z-axis. Please keep the effect subtle though! Raising the object more than 2 detail units (4 nominal pixels) is not recommended.

In order to aid recognition, each application icon should have a unique silhouette. However, to ensure visual balance with other application icons, the aspect ratio should not be extreme. Very narrow or very wide shapes should be avoided.

A grid template is available to assist with placing your icon outline. Do not try to cover a maximum area of the canvas: the outside margin should be left empty. In some circumstances a small detail can be extended into this margin space.

## Shadows

Shadows can be drawn internally, within a full-color icon, with the light source pointing straight from above. However, shadows should not be drawn outside the main silhouette of the icon, as these are generated programmatically based on the context. When app icons are presented on a white background, for example, a strong drop shadow is rendered to help define the contours.

Versions of application icons can also be programmatically generated for development or nightly builds.

## Палитра

Below is the baseline GNOME app icon color palette.

Blue |
Green |
Yellow |
Оранжевый |
Red |
Purple |
Brown |
Neutral |

You are free to use different shades of these colors depending on the desired material effect. However, these primary colors are a good baseline to start from. A GIMP/Inkscape format palette is available.

It is recommended to keep flat surfaces unshaded, but using gradients to signify bent surfaces is allowed.

# Symbolic icons

Symbolic icons have a simple form and are drawn within a 16×16 pixel grid. They are then programmatically scaled and colored within the user interface itself.

При поиске метафоры для значка определите её главное свойство, сосредоточьтесь на том, что может выразить данную идею. Например, при описании действия, выполняемого над изображением, не нужно использовать его метафору в каждом значке. Вместо этого используйте метафору действия: повернуть, выровнять, отметить и т. п.

Избегайте использования перспективы в символических значках, используйте ортогональную сетку.

When using unfilled strokes for an outline, try avoiding hairline (1px) and do at least a 2px stroke for the main feature of the icon.

Символические значки окрашиваются во время исполнения, чтобы их цвет соответствовал контексту (также как и текст). Не используйте полупрозрачность и дизеринг для передачи теней.

Если метафора имеет противоположный смысл, используйте инвертирование цветов. Например, эффект блика на линзе включён, если он светлее, чем линза.

## Размер и сетка

While symbolic icons are scalable and should work at any size, the basic canvas size is 16×16 grid units. You have the whole canvas to fill, but note that a filled rectangular object will appear stronger/larger when placed next to items that only use thinner strokes. Try to keep the contrast of your whole set.