/*
 * Copyright (C) 2011 Jens Georg
 *
 * Author: Jens Georg <mail@jensge.org>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Library General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
 * Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 */

/**
 * SECTION:gupnp-linux-context-manager
 * @short_description: Linux-specific implementation of #GUPnPContextManager
 *
 */

#include <config.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <linux/netlink.h>
#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_WIRELESS_H
#include <linux/wireless.h>
#endif
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "gupnp-linux-context-manager.h"
#include "gupnp-context.h"

G_DEFINE_TYPE (GUPnPLinuxContextManager,
               gupnp_linux_context_manager,
               GUPNP_TYPE_CONTEXT_MANAGER);

struct _GUPnPLinuxContextManagerPrivate {
        int fd;
        int nl_seq;
        GSocket *netlink_socket;
        GSource *netlink_socket_source;
        GSource *bootstrap_source;

        GHashTable *interfaces;
};

typedef enum {
        /* Interface is up */
        NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP = 1 << 0,

        /* Interface doesn't support multicast or is P-t-P */
        NETWORK_INTERFACE_IGNORE = 1 << 1,

        /* Interface is down but has an address set */
        NETWORK_INTERFACE_PRECONFIGURED = 1 << 2
} NetworkInterfaceFlags;

/* struct representing a network interface */
struct _NetworkInterface {
        /* Weak pointer to context manager associated with this interface */
        GUPnPLinuxContextManager *manager;

        /* Name of the interface (eth0 etc.) */
        char *name;

        /* ESSID for wireless interfaces */
        char *essid;

        /* States of the interface */
        NetworkInterfaceFlags flags;

        /* UPnP contexts associated with this interface. Can be more than one
         * with alias addresses like eth0:1 etc. */
        GHashTable *contexts;
};

typedef struct _NetworkInterface NetworkInterface;

/* Create a new network interface struct and query the device name */
static NetworkInterface *
network_device_new (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *manager,
                    int                       index)
{
        NetworkInterface *device;
        struct ifreq ifr;
        int ret;

        /* Query interface name */
        memset (&ifr, 0, sizeof (struct ifreq));
        ifr.ifr_ifindex = index;
        ret = ioctl (manager->priv->fd, SIOCGIFNAME, &ifr);

        if (ret == -1) {
                g_warning ("Could not get interface name for index %d",
                           index);

                return NULL;
        }

        device = g_slice_new0 (NetworkInterface);
        device->manager = manager;
        device->name = g_strdup (ifr.ifr_name);

        device->contexts = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash,
                                                  g_str_equal,
                                                  g_free,
                                                  g_object_unref);

        return device;
}

/* Try to update the ESSID of a network interface. */
static void
network_device_update_essid (NetworkInterface *device)
{
        char *old_essid = device->essid;
#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_WIRELESS_H
        char essid[IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE + 1];
        struct iwreq iwr;
        int ret;

        /* Query essid */
        memset (&iwr, 0, sizeof (struct iwreq));
        memset (essid, 0, IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE + 1);
        strncpy (iwr.ifr_name, device->name, IFNAMSIZ);
        iwr.u.essid.pointer = (caddr_t) essid;
        iwr.u.essid.length = IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE;
        ret = ioctl (device->manager->priv->fd, SIOCGIWESSID, &iwr);

        if ((ret == 0 && essid[0] != '\0') &&
            (!device->essid || strcmp (device->essid, essid)))
                device->essid = g_strdup (essid);
        else
                old_essid = NULL;
#endif
        if (old_essid)
                g_free (old_essid);
}

static void
network_device_create_context (NetworkInterface *device, const char *label)
{
        guint port;
        GError *error = NULL;
        GUPnPContext *context;

        /* We cannot create a context yet. But it may be that there will not
         * be a RTM_NEWADDR message for this device if the IP address does not
         * change so we mark this device as preconfigured and will create the
         * context if the device comes up. If the address changes, we'll get a
         * RTM_DELADDR before the next RTM_NEWADDR. */
        if (!device->flags & NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP) {
                device->flags |= NETWORK_INTERFACE_PRECONFIGURED;

                return;
        }

        device->flags &= ~NETWORK_INTERFACE_PRECONFIGURED;

        g_object_get (device->manager,
                      "port", &port,
                      NULL);

        network_device_update_essid (device);
        context = g_initable_new (GUPNP_TYPE_CONTEXT,
                                  NULL,
                                  &error,
                                  "interface", label,
                                  "network", device->essid,
                                  "port", port,
                                  NULL);

        if (error) {
                g_warning ("Error creating GUPnP context: %s",
                           error->message);
                g_error_free (error);

                return;
        }
        g_hash_table_insert (device->contexts, g_strdup (label), context);

        g_signal_emit_by_name (device->manager,
                               "context-available",
                               context);
}

static void
context_signal_up (gpointer key, gpointer value, gpointer user_data)
{
    g_signal_emit_by_name (user_data, "context-available", value);
}

static void
context_signal_down (gpointer key, gpointer value, gpointer user_data)
{
    g_signal_emit_by_name (user_data, "context-unavailable", value);
}

static void
network_device_up (NetworkInterface *device)
{
        if (device->flags & NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP)
                return;

        device->flags |= NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP;

        if (g_hash_table_size (device->contexts) > 0)
                g_hash_table_foreach (device->contexts,
                                      context_signal_up,
                                      device->manager);
        else if (device->flags & NETWORK_INTERFACE_PRECONFIGURED)
                network_device_create_context (device, device->name);
}

static void
network_device_down (NetworkInterface *device)
{
        if (!device->flags & NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP)
                return;

        device->flags &= ~NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP;

        if (device->contexts)
                g_hash_table_foreach (device->contexts,
                                      context_signal_down,
                                      device->manager);
}

static void
network_device_free (NetworkInterface *device)
{
        if (device->name != NULL)
                g_free (device->name);
        if (device->essid != NULL)
                g_free (device->essid);

        if (device->contexts != NULL) {
                GHashTableIter iter;
                char *key;
                GUPnPContext *value;

                g_hash_table_iter_init (&iter, device->contexts);
                while (g_hash_table_iter_next (&iter,
                                               (gpointer *) &key,
                                               (gpointer *) &value)) {
                    g_signal_emit_by_name (device->manager,
                                           "context-unavailable",
                                           value);
                    g_hash_table_iter_remove (&iter);
                }
        }

        g_hash_table_unref (device->contexts);
        device->contexts = NULL;
}


static void query_all_network_interfaces (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self);
static void query_all_addresses (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self);
static void receive_netlink_message (GUPnPLinuxContextManager  *self,
                                     GError                   **error);
static void create_context (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
                            const char               *label,
                            struct ifaddrmsg         *ifa);
static void remove_context (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
                            const char               *label,
                            struct ifaddrmsg         *ifa);

static gboolean
on_netlink_message_available (GSocket      *socket,
                              GIOCondition  condition,
                              gpointer      user_data)
{
        GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self;

        self = GUPNP_LINUX_CONTEXT_MANAGER (user_data);

        receive_netlink_message (self, NULL);

        return TRUE;
}

#define RT_ATTR_OK(a,l) \
        ((l > 0) && RTA_OK (a, l))

static void
extract_info (struct nlmsghdr *header, char **label)
{
    int rt_attr_len;
    struct rtattr *rt_attr;

    rt_attr = IFLA_RTA (NLMSG_DATA (header));
    rt_attr_len = IFLA_PAYLOAD (header);
    while (RT_ATTR_OK (rt_attr, rt_attr_len)) {
        if (rt_attr->rta_type == IFA_LABEL) {
            *label = g_strdup ((char *) RTA_DATA (rt_attr));
            break;
        }
        rt_attr = RTA_NEXT (rt_attr, rt_attr_len);
    }
}

static gboolean
is_wireless_status_message (struct nlmsghdr *header)
{
        int rt_attr_len;
        struct rtattr *rt_attr;

        rt_attr = IFLA_RTA (NLMSG_DATA (header));
        rt_attr_len = IFLA_PAYLOAD (header);
        while (RT_ATTR_OK (rt_attr, rt_attr_len)) {
                if (rt_attr->rta_type == IFLA_WIRELESS)
                        return TRUE;

                rt_attr = RTA_NEXT (rt_attr, rt_attr_len);
        }

        return FALSE;
}

static void
create_context (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
                const char               *label,
                struct ifaddrmsg         *ifa)
{
        NetworkInterface *device;

        remove_context (self, label, ifa);

        device = g_hash_table_lookup (self->priv->interfaces,
                                      GINT_TO_POINTER (ifa->ifa_index));

        if (!device) {
                g_warning ("Got new address for device %d but device is"
                           " not active",
                           ifa->ifa_index);

                return;
        }

        /* If device isn't one we consider, silently skip address */
        if (device->flags & NETWORK_INTERFACE_IGNORE) {
                return;
        }

        network_device_create_context (device, label);
}

static void
remove_context (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
                const char               *label,
                struct ifaddrmsg         *ifa)
{
        NetworkInterface *device;
        GUPnPContext *context;

        device = g_hash_table_lookup (self->priv->interfaces,
                                      GINT_TO_POINTER (ifa->ifa_index));

        if (!device)
                return;

        context = g_hash_table_lookup (device->contexts, label);
        if (context) {
                if (device->flags & NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP) {
                        g_signal_emit_by_name (self,
                                               "context-unavailable",
                                               context);
                }
                g_hash_table_remove (device->contexts, label);
        }

        if (g_hash_table_size (device->contexts) == 0)
                device->flags &= ~NETWORK_INTERFACE_PRECONFIGURED;
}

/* Idle-handler for initial interface and address bootstrapping.
 *
 * We cannot send the RTM_GETADDR message until we processed all packets of
 * the RTM_GETLINK message. So on the first call this idle handler processes
 * all answers of RTM_GETLINK on the second call all answers of RTM_GETADDR
 * and on the third call it creates the regular socket source for listening on
 * the netlink socket, detaching itself from the idle source afterwards.
 */
static gboolean
on_bootstrap (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self)
{
        if (self->priv->nl_seq == 0) {
                query_all_network_interfaces (self);

                return TRUE;
        } else if (self->priv->nl_seq == 1) {
                query_all_addresses (self);

                return TRUE;
        } else {
                self->priv->netlink_socket_source = g_socket_create_source
                                                (self->priv->netlink_socket,
                                                 G_IO_IN | G_IO_PRI,
                                                 NULL);

                g_source_attach (self->priv->netlink_socket_source,
                                 g_main_context_get_thread_default ());

                g_source_set_callback (self->priv->netlink_socket_source,
                                       (GSourceFunc)
                                       on_netlink_message_available,
                                       self,
                                       NULL);
        }

        return FALSE;
}

struct nl_req_s {
        struct nlmsghdr hdr;
        struct rtgenmsg gen;
};

static void
send_netlink_request (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
                      guint netlink_message,
                      guint flags)
{
        struct nl_req_s req;
        struct sockaddr_nl dest;
        struct msghdr msg;
        struct iovec io;
        int fd;

        memset (&req, 0, sizeof (req));
        memset (&dest, 0, sizeof (dest));
        memset (&msg, 0, sizeof (msg));

        dest.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
        req.hdr.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH (sizeof (struct rtgenmsg));
        req.hdr.nlmsg_seq = self->priv->nl_seq++;
        req.hdr.nlmsg_type = netlink_message;
        req.hdr.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | flags;
        req.gen.rtgen_family = AF_INET;

        io.iov_base = &req;
        io.iov_len = req.hdr.nlmsg_len;

        msg.msg_iov = &io;
        msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
        msg.msg_name = &dest;
        msg.msg_namelen = sizeof (dest);

        fd = g_socket_get_fd (self->priv->netlink_socket);
        if (sendmsg (fd, (struct msghdr *) &msg, 0) < 0)
                g_warning ("Could not send netlink message: %s",
                           strerror (errno));
}

static void
query_all_network_interfaces (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self)
{
        GError *error = NULL;

        send_netlink_request (self, RTM_GETLINK, NLM_F_DUMP);
        do {
                receive_netlink_message (self, &error);
        } while (error == NULL);
}

static void
query_all_addresses (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self)
{
        send_netlink_request (self,
                              RTM_GETADDR,
                              NLM_F_ROOT | NLM_F_MATCH | NLM_F_ACK);
}

/* Ignore non-multicast device, except loop-back and P-t-P devices */
#define INTERFACE_IS_VALID(ifi) \
        (((ifi)->ifi_flags & (IFF_MULTICAST | IFF_LOOPBACK)) && \
         !((ifi)->ifi_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT))

static void
handle_device_status_change (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
                             struct ifinfomsg         *ifi)
{
        gpointer key;
        NetworkInterface *device;

        key = GINT_TO_POINTER (ifi->ifi_index);
        device = g_hash_table_lookup (self->priv->interfaces,
                                      key);

        if (device != NULL) {
                if (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_UP)
                        network_device_up (device);
                else
                        network_device_down (device);

                return;
        }

        device = network_device_new (self, ifi->ifi_index);
        if (device) {
                if (!INTERFACE_IS_VALID (ifi))
                        device->flags |= NETWORK_INTERFACE_IGNORE;
                if (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_UP)
                        device->flags |= NETWORK_INTERFACE_UP;

                g_hash_table_insert (self->priv->interfaces,
                                     key,
                                     device);
        }
}

static void
remove_device (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self,
               struct ifinfomsg         *ifi)
{
        g_hash_table_remove (self->priv->interfaces,
                             GINT_TO_POINTER (ifi->ifi_index));
}

#define NLMSG_IS_VALID(msg,len) \
        (NLMSG_OK(msg,len) && (msg->nlmsg_type != NLMSG_DONE))

static void
receive_netlink_message (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self, GError **error)
{
        static char buf[4096];
        static const int bufsize = 4096;

        int len;
        GError *inner_error = NULL;
        struct nlmsghdr *header = (struct nlmsghdr *) buf;
        struct ifinfomsg *ifi;
        struct ifaddrmsg *ifa;


        len = g_socket_receive (self->priv->netlink_socket,
                                buf,
                                bufsize,
                                NULL,
                                &inner_error);
        if (len == -1) {
                if (inner_error->code != G_IO_ERROR_WOULD_BLOCK)
                        g_warning ("Error receiving netlink message: %s",
                                   inner_error->message);
                g_propagate_error (error, inner_error);

                return;
        }

        for (;NLMSG_IS_VALID (header, len); header = NLMSG_NEXT (header,len)) {
                switch (header->nlmsg_type) {
                        /* RTM_NEWADDR and RTM_DELADDR are sent on real address
                         * changes.
                         * RTM_NEWLINK is sent on varous occations:
                         *  - Creation of a new device
                         *  - Device goes up/down
                         *  - Wireless status changes
                         * RTM_DELLINK is sent only if device is removed, like
                         * openvpn --rmtun /dev/tun0, NOT on ifconfig down. */
                        case RTM_NEWADDR:
                            {
                                char *label = NULL;

                                ifa = NLMSG_DATA (header);
                                extract_info (header, &label);
                                create_context (self, label, ifa);
                                g_free (label);
                            }
                            break;
                        case RTM_DELADDR:
                            {
                                char *label = NULL;

                                ifa = NLMSG_DATA (header);
                                extract_info (header, &label);
                                remove_context (self, label, ifa);
                                g_free (label);
                            }
                            break;
                        case RTM_NEWLINK:
                                ifi = NLMSG_DATA (header);

                                /* Check if wireless is up for chit-chat */
                                if (is_wireless_status_message (header))
                                        continue;
                                handle_device_status_change (self, ifi);
                                break;
                        case RTM_DELLINK:
                                ifi = NLMSG_DATA (header);
                                remove_device (self, ifi);
                                break;
                        case NLMSG_ERROR:
                                break;
                        default:
                                break;
                }
        }
}

/* Create INET socket used for SIOCGIFNAME and SIOCGIWESSID ioctl
 * calls */
static gboolean
create_ioctl_socket (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self, GError **error)
{
        self->priv->fd = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

        if (self->priv->fd < 0) {
                self->priv->fd = 0;

                g_set_error_literal (error,
                                     G_IO_ERROR,
                                     g_io_error_from_errno (errno),
                                     "Failed to setup socket for ioctl");

                return FALSE;
        }

        return TRUE;
}

/* Create a netlink socket, bind to it and wrap it in a GSocket */
static gboolean
create_netlink_socket (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self, GError **error)
{
        struct sockaddr_nl sa;
        int fd, status;
        GSocket *sock;
        GError *inner_error;

        inner_error = NULL;

        fd = socket (PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM, NETLINK_ROUTE);
        if (fd == -1) {
                g_set_error_literal (error,
                                     G_IO_ERROR,
                                     g_io_error_from_errno (errno),
                                     "Failed to bind to netlink socket");
                return FALSE;
        }

        memset (&sa, 0, sizeof (sa));
        sa.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
        /* Listen for interface changes and IP address changes */
        sa.nl_groups = RTMGRP_LINK | RTMGRP_IPV4_IFADDR;

        status = bind (fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, sizeof (sa));
        if (status == -1) {
                g_set_error_literal (error,
                                     G_IO_ERROR,
                                     g_io_error_from_errno (errno),
                                     "Failed to bind to netlink socket");
                close (fd);

                return FALSE;
        }

        sock = g_socket_new_from_fd (fd, &inner_error);
        if (sock == NULL) {
                close (fd);
                g_propagate_prefixed_error (error,
                                            inner_error,
                                            "Failed to create GSocket from "
                                            "netlink socket");

                return FALSE;
        }

        g_socket_set_blocking (sock, FALSE);

        self->priv->netlink_socket = sock;

        return TRUE;
}

static void
gupnp_linux_context_manager_init (GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self)
{
        self->priv =
                G_TYPE_INSTANCE_GET_PRIVATE (self,
                                             GUPNP_TYPE_LINUX_CONTEXT_MANAGER,
                                             GUPnPLinuxContextManagerPrivate);

        self->priv->nl_seq = 0;

        self->priv->interfaces =
                g_hash_table_new_full (g_direct_hash,
                                       g_direct_equal,
                                       NULL,
                                       (GDestroyNotify) network_device_free);
}

static void
gupnp_linux_context_manager_constructed (GObject *object)
{
        GObjectClass *parent_class;
        GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self;
        GError *error = NULL;

        self = GUPNP_LINUX_CONTEXT_MANAGER (object);

        if (!create_ioctl_socket (self, &error))
                goto cleanup;

        if (!create_netlink_socket (self, &error))
                goto cleanup;

        self->priv->bootstrap_source =
                                g_idle_source_new ();
        g_source_attach (self->priv->bootstrap_source,
                         g_main_context_get_thread_default ());
        g_source_set_callback (self->priv->bootstrap_source,
                               (GSourceFunc) on_bootstrap,
                               self,
                               NULL);
cleanup:
        if (error) {
                if (self->priv->fd > 0)
                        close (self->priv->fd);

                g_warning ("Failed to setup Linux context manager: %s",
                           error->message);

                g_error_free (error);
        }

        /* Chain-up */
        parent_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (gupnp_linux_context_manager_parent_class);
        if (parent_class->constructed)
                parent_class->constructed (object);
}

static void
gupnp_linux_context_manager_dispose (GObject *object)
{
        GUPnPLinuxContextManager *self;
        GObjectClass *parent_class;

        self = GUPNP_LINUX_CONTEXT_MANAGER (object);

        if (self->priv->bootstrap_source != NULL) {
                g_source_destroy (self->priv->bootstrap_source);
                g_source_unref (self->priv->bootstrap_source);
                self->priv->bootstrap_source = NULL;
        }

        if (self->priv->netlink_socket_source != NULL) {
               g_source_destroy (self->priv->netlink_socket_source);
               g_source_unref (self->priv->netlink_socket_source);
               self->priv->netlink_socket_source = NULL;
        }

        if (self->priv->netlink_socket != NULL) {
                g_object_unref (self->priv->netlink_socket);
                self->priv->netlink_socket = NULL;
        }

        if (self->priv->fd != 0) {
                close (self->priv->fd);
                self->priv->fd = 0;
        }

        if (self->priv->interfaces) {
                g_hash_table_destroy (self->priv->interfaces);
                self->priv->interfaces = NULL;
        }

        /* Chain-up */
        parent_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (gupnp_linux_context_manager_parent_class);
        parent_class->dispose (object);
}

static void
gupnp_linux_context_manager_class_init (GUPnPLinuxContextManagerClass *klass)
{
        GObjectClass *object_class;

        object_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (klass);

        object_class->constructed = gupnp_linux_context_manager_constructed;
        object_class->dispose     = gupnp_linux_context_manager_dispose;

        g_type_class_add_private (klass,
                                  sizeof (GUPnPLinuxContextManagerPrivate));
}
