UPSMON.CONF(5)                    NUT Manual                    UPSMON.CONF(5)



NAME
       upsmon.conf - Configuration for Network UPS Tools upsmon

DESCRIPTION
       This file's primary job is to define the systems that upsmon(8) will
       monitor and to tell it how to shut down the system when necessary. It
       will contain passwords, so keep it secure. Ideally, only the upsmon
       process should be able to read it.

       Additionally, other optional configuration values can be set in this
       file.

CONFIGURATION DIRECTIVES
       DEADTIME seconds
           upsmon allows a UPS to go missing for this many seconds before
           declaring it "dead". The default is 15 seconds.

           upsmon requires a UPS to provide status information every few
           seconds (see POLLFREQ and POLLFREQALERT) to keep things updated. If
           the status fetch fails, the UPS is marked stale. If it stays stale
           for more than DEADTIME seconds, the UPS is marked dead.

           A dead UPS that was last known to be on battery is assumed to have
           changed to a low battery condition. This may force a shutdown if it
           is providing a critical amount of power to your system. This seems
           disruptive, but the alternative is barreling ahead into oblivion
           and crashing when you run out of power.

           Note: DEADTIME should be a multiple of POLLFREQ and POLLFREQALERT.
           Otherwise, you'll have "dead" UPSes simply because upsmon isn't
           polling them quickly enough. Rule of thumb: take the larger of the
           two POLLFREQ values, and multiply by 3.

       FINALDELAY seconds
           When running in master mode, upsmon waits this long after sending
           the NOTIFY_SHUTDOWN to warn the users. After the timer elapses, it
           then runs your SHUTDOWNCMD. By default this is set to 5 seconds.

           If you need to let your users do something in between those events,
           increase this number. Remember, at this point your UPS battery is
           almost depleted, so don't make this too big.

           Alternatively, you can set this very low so you don't wait around
           when it's time to shut down. Some UPSes don't give much warning for
           low battery and will require a value of 0 here for a safe shutdown.

               Note
               If FINALDELAY on the slave is greater than HOSTSYNC on the
               master, the master will give up waiting for the slave to
               disconnect.

       HOSTSYNC seconds
           upsmon will wait up to this many seconds in master mode for the
           slaves to disconnect during a shutdown situation. By default, this
           is 15 seconds.

           When a UPS goes critical (on battery + low battery, or "FSD":
           forced shutdown), the slaves are supposed to disconnect and shut
           down right away. The HOSTSYNC timer keeps the master upsmon from
           sitting there forever if one of the slaves gets stuck.

           This value is also used to keep slave systems from getting stuck if
           the master fails to respond in time. After a UPS becomes critical,
           the slave will wait up to HOSTSYNC seconds for the master to set
           the FSD flag. If that timer expires, the slave will assume that the
           master is broken and will shut down anyway.

           This keeps the slaves from shutting down during a short-lived
           status change to "OB LB" that the slaves see but the master misses.

       MINSUPPLIES num
           Set the number of power supplies that must be receiving power to
           keep this system running. Normal computers have just one power
           supply, so the default value of 1 is acceptable.

           Large/expensive server type systems usually have more, and can run
           with a few missing. The HP NetServer LH4 can run with 2 out of 4,
           for example, so you'd set it to 2. The idea is to keep the box
           running as long as possible, right?

           Obviously you have to put the redundant supplies on different UPS
           circuits for this to make sense! See big-servers.txt in the docs
           subdirectory for more information and ideas on how to use this
           feature.

           Also see the section on "power values" in upsmon(8).

       MONITOR system powervalue username password type
           Each UPS that you need to be monitor should have a MONITOR line.
           Not all of these need supply power to the system that is running
           upsmon. You may monitor other systems if you want to be able to
           send notifications about status changes on them.

       You must have at least one MONITOR directive in upsmon.conf.

       system is a UPS identifier. It is in this form:

       <upsname>[@<hostname>[:<port>]]

       The default hostname is "localhost". Some examples:

       o   "su700@mybox" means a UPS called "su700" on a system called
           "mybox". This is the normal form.

       o   "fenton@bigbox:5678" is a UPS called "fenton" on a system called
           "bigbox" which runs upsd(8) on port "5678".

       powervalue is an integer representing the number of power supplies that
       the UPS feeds on this system. Most normal computers have one power
       supply, and the UPS feeds it, so this value will be 1. You need a very
       large or special system to have anything higher here.

       You can set the powervalue to 0 if you want to monitor a UPS that
       doesn't actually supply power to this system. This is useful when you
       want to have upsmon do notifications about status changes on a UPS
       without shutting down when it goes critical.

       The username and password on this line must match an entry in that
       system's upsd.users(5). If your username is "monmaster" and your
       password is "blah", the MONITOR line might look like this:

       MONITOR myups@bigserver 1 monmaster blah master

       Meanwhile, the upsd.users on bigserver would look like this:

           [monmaster]
                   password  = blah
                   upsmon master #  (or slave)

       The type refers to the relationship with upsd(8). It can be either
       "master" or "slave". See upsmon(8) for more information on the meaning
       of these modes. The mode you pick here also goes in the upsd.users
       file, as seen in the example above.

       NOCOMMWARNTIME seconds
           upsmon will trigger a NOTIFY_NOCOMM after this many seconds if it
           can't reach any of the UPS entries in this configuration file. It
           keeps warning you until the situation is fixed. By default this is
           300 seconds.

       NOTIFYCMD command
           upsmon calls this to send messages when things happen.

           This command is called with the full text of the message as one
           argument. The environment string NOTIFYTYPE will contain the type
           string of whatever caused this event to happen.

           If you need to use upssched(8), then you must make it your
           NOTIFYCMD by listing it here.

           Note that this is only called for NOTIFY events that have EXEC set
           with NOTIFYFLAG. See NOTIFYFLAG below for more details.

           Making this some sort of shell script might not be a bad idea. For
           more information and ideas, see pager.txt in the docs directory.

           Remember, this command also needs to be one element in the
           configuration file, so if your command has spaces, then wrap it in
           quotes.

           NOTIFYCMD "/path/to/script --foo --bar"

           This script is run in the background--that is, upsmon forks before
           it calls out to start it. This means that your NOTIFYCMD may have
           multiple instances running simultaneously if a lot of stuff happens
           all at once. Keep this in mind when designing complicated
           notifiers.

       NOTIFYMSG type message
           upsmon comes with a set of stock messages for various events. You
           can change them if you like.

               NOTIFYMSG ONLINE "UPS %s is getting line power"

               NOTIFYMSG ONBATT "Someone pulled the plug on %s"

           Note that %s is replaced with the identifier of the UPS in
           question.

           The message must be one element in the configuration file, so if it
           contains spaces, you must wrap it in quotes.

               NOTIFYMSG NOCOMM "Someone stole UPS %s"

           Possible values for type:

           ONLINE
               UPS is back online

           ONBATT
               UPS is on battery

           LOWBATT
               UPS is on battery and has a low battery (is critical)

           FSD
               UPS is being shutdown by the master (FSD = "Forced Shutdown")

           COMMOK
               Communications established with the UPS

           COMMBAD
               Communications lost to the UPS

           SHUTDOWN
               The system is being shutdown

           REPLBATT
               The UPS battery is bad and needs to be replaced

           NOCOMM
               A UPS is unavailable (can't be contacted for monitoring)

       NOTIFYFLAG type flag[+flag][+flag]...
           By default, upsmon sends walls global messages to all logged in
           users) via /bin/wall and writes to the syslog when things happen.
           You can change this.

           Examples:

               NOTIFYFLAG ONLINE SYSLOG
               NOTIFYFLAG ONBATT SYSLOG+WALL+EXEC

           Possible values for the flags:

           SYSLOG
               Write the message to the syslog

           WALL
               Write the message to all users with /bin/wall

           EXEC
               Execute NOTIFYCMD (see above) with the message

           IGNORE
               Don't do anything

               If you use IGNORE, don't use any other flags on the same line.

       POLLFREQ seconds
           Normally upsmon polls the upsd(8) server every 5 seconds. If this
           is flooding your network with activity, you can make it higher. You
           can also make it lower to get faster updates in some cases.

           There are some catches. First, if you set the POLLFREQ too high,
           you may miss short-lived power events entirely. You also risk
           triggering the DEADTIME (see above) if you use a very large number.

           Second, there is a point of diminishing returns if you set it too
           low. While upsd normally has all of the data available to it
           instantly, most drivers only refresh the UPS status once every 2
           seconds. Polling any more than that usually doesn't get you the
           information any faster.

       POLLFREQALERT seconds
           This is the interval that upsmon waits between polls if any of its
           UPSes are on battery. You can use this along with POLLFREQ above to
           slow down polls during normal behavior, but get quicker updates
           when something bad happens.

           This should always be equal to or lower than the POLLFREQ value. By
           default it is also set 5 seconds.

           The warnings from the POLLFREQ entry about too-high and too-low
           values also apply here.

       POWERDOWNFLAG filename
           upsmon creates this file when running in master mode when the UPS
           needs to be powered off. You should check for this file in your
           shutdown scripts and call upsdrvctl shutdown if it exists.

           This is done to forcibly reset the slaves, so they don't get stuck
           at the "halted" stage even if the power returns during the shutdown
           process. This usually does not work well on contact-closure UPSes
           that use the genericups driver.

           See the shutdown.txt file in the docs subdirectory for more
           information.

       RBWARNTIME seconds
           When a UPS says that it needs to have its battery replaced, upsmon
           will generate a NOTIFY_REPLBATT event. By default, this happens
           every 43200 seconds (12 hours).

           If you need another value, set it here.

       RUN_AS_USER username
           upsmon normally runs the bulk of the monitoring duties under
           another user ID after dropping root privileges. On most systems
           this means it runs as "nobody", since that's the default from
           compile-time.

           The catch is that "nobody" can't read your upsmon.conf, since by
           default it is installed so that only root can open it. This means
           you won't be able to reload the configuration file, since it will
           be unavailable.

           The solution is to create a new user just for upsmon, then make it
           run as that user. I suggest "nutmon", but you can use anything that
           isn't already taken on your system. Just create a regular user with
           no special privileges and an impossible password.

           Then, tell upsmon to run as that user, and make upsmon.conf
           readable by it. Your reloads will work, and your config file will
           stay secure.

           This file should not be writable by the upsmon user, as it would be
           possible to exploit a hole, change the SHUTDOWNCMD to something
           malicious, then wait for upsmon to be restarted.

       SHUTDOWNCMD command
           upsmon runs this command when the system needs to be brought down.
           If it is a slave, it will do that immediately whenever the current
           overall power value drops below the MINSUPPLIES value above.

           When upsmon is a master, it will allow any slaves to log out before
           starting the local shutdown procedure.

           Note that the command needs to be one element in the config file.
           If your shutdown command includes spaces, then put it in quotes to
           keep it together, i.e.:

               SHUTDOWNCMD "/sbin/shutdown -h +0"

SEE ALSO
       upsmon(8), upsd(8), nutupsdrv(8).

   Internet resources:
       The NUT (Network UPS Tools) home page: http://www.networkupstools.org/



Network UPS Tools                 10/09/2011                    UPSMON.CONF(5)
