debug {base} | R Documentation

## Debug a Function

### Description

Set, unset or query the debugging flag on a function. The `text` and `condition` arguments are the same as those that can be supplied via a call to `browser`. They can be retrieved by the user once the browser has been entered, and provide a mechanism to allow users to identify which breakpoint has been activated.

### Usage

    debug(fun, text="", condition=NULL)
    debugonce(fun, text="", condition=NULL)
    undebug(fun)
    isdebugged(fun)

### Arguments

`fun` | any interpreted R function.
`text` | a text string that can be retrieved when the browser is entered.
`condition` | a condition that can be retrieved when the browser is entered.

### Details

When a function flagged for debugging is entered, normal execution is suspended and the body of function is executed one statement at a time. A new browser context is initiated for each step (and the previous one destroyed).

At the debug prompt the user can enter commands or R expressions, followed by a newline. The commands are

`n`

  (or just an empty line, by default). Advance to the next step.

`c`

  continue to the end of the current context: e.g. to the end of the loop if within a loop or to the end of the function.

`cont`

  synonym for `c`.

`where`

  print a stack trace of all active function calls.

`Q`

  exit the browser and the current evaluation and return to the top-level prompt.

(Leading and trailing whitespace is ignored, except for an empty line).

Anything else entered at the debug prompt is interpreted as an R expression to be evaluated in the calling environment: in particular typing an object name will cause the object to be printed, and `ls()` lists the objects in the calling frame. (If you want to look at an object with a name such as `n`, print it explicitly.)

Setting option `"browserNLdisabled"` to `TRUE` disables the use of an empty line as a synonym for `n`. If this is done, the user will be re-prompted for input until a valid command or an expression is entered.

To debug a function is defined inside a function, single-step though to the end of its definition, and then call `debug` on its name.

If you want to debug a function not starting at the very beginning, use `trace(..., at = *)` or `setBreakpoint`.

Using `debug` is persistent, and unless debugging is turned off the debugger will be entered on every invocation (note that if the function is removed and replaced the debug state is not preserved). Use `debugonce` to enter the debugger only the next time the function is invoked.

In order to debug S4 methods (see `Methods`), you need to use `trace`, typically calling `browser`, e.g., as
`trace("plot", browser, exit=browser, signature = c("track", "missing"))`

The number of lines printed for the deparsed call when a function is entered for debugging can be limited by setting `options(deparse.max.lines)`.

When debugging is enabled on a byte compiled function then the interpreted version of the function will be used until debugging is disabled.

### See Also

`browser`, `trace`; `traceback` to see the stack after an `Error: ...` message; `recover` for another debugging approach.

[Package base version 2.15.1 Index]