=== Rainbows! 5.1.1 / 2017-04-02 02:06 UTC

  This release fixes an incompatibility introduced with
  the release of unicorn 5.3.0, yesterday :x.

  Thanks to Claudio Poli for reporting the bug (and reminding
  me this project exists).

  Two changes since 5.1.0 (2017-01-12):
        workaround for unicorn 5.3.0
        tests: update isolate deps for unicorn and raindrops

=== Rainbows! 5.1.0 - rack 2.x compat, EM fixes / 2017-01-12 22:39 UTC

  This release now supports rack 2.x along with existing rack 1.x
  applications.  Additionally, we now wait for deferred actions
  for EventMachine users on graceful shutdown.

  Thanks to Julia López Aladro and <alex0375@gmail.com> for
  bringing up these changes in the open-to-all
  rainbows-public@bogomips.org mailing list:

    https://bogomips.org/rainbows-public/CAPhSs6OAU+motd+MF=WOSek9==StLjEQJsNwAO3-aRWCZzhs=g@mail.gmail.com/T/

    https://bogomips.org/rainbows-public/CAKwvcL-VH3we4qA1pkNAstTmWvqNA=Rir2N_YiWztV_qbaLQvA@mail.gmail.com/T/

  There's also a few documentation and test fixes.

  9 changes since Rainbows! 5.0.0:

        doc: bump olddoc to ~> 1.2 for extra NNTP URLs
        doc: move homepage and update URLs to HTTPS
        doc: Static_Files: remove Future section
        tests: use correct file:// URL for random_blob path
        support rack 2.x
        Revert "t/t0044-autopush.sh: remove test"
        tests: re-enable EventMachine tests, again
        eventmachine: wait for deferred actions to finish
        doc: additional disclaimers

=== Rainbows! 5.0.0 - maintained as long as anybody uses it! / 2015-11-25 00:58 UTC

  This release syncs with unicorn 5 and drops some old compatibility
  cruft from old releases.  Performance should be roughly unchanged
  for Ruby 2.2 users while older Rubies (1.9.3 - 2.1) will see
  minor, probably unnoticeable performance regressions.

  Compatibility:

  * The horrible, proprietary (:P) "Status:" response header is
    finally gone, saving at least 16 precious bytes in every HTTP
    response.  This should make it easier to write custom HTTP clients
    which are compatible across all HTTP servers.  It will hopefully
    make migrating between different Rack servers easier for new
    projects.

  * Ruby 1.8 support removed.  Ruby 1.9.3 is currently the earliest
    supported version.  However, expect minor, likely-unnoticeable
    performance regressions if you use Ruby 2.1 or earlier.  Going
    forward, Rainbows! will favor the latest version (currently 2.2) of
    the mainline Ruby implementation, potentially sacrificing
    performance on older Rubies.

  New features:

  * sd_listen_fds(3) emulation added for systemd compatibility.
    You may now stop using PID files and other process monitoring
    software when using systemd.

  * Newly-set TCP socket options are now applied to inherited sockets.

  * Dynamic changes in the application to Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS
    hash is now supported; allowing users to set custom status lines
    in Rack to be reflected in unicorn.  This feature causes a minor
    performance regression, but is made up for Ruby 2.2 users with
    other optimizations.

  * The monotonic clock is used under Ruby 2.1+, making the
    timeout feature immune to system clock changes.

  As Rainbows! may be used anonymously without registration, the
  project is committed to supporting anonymous and pseudonymous
  help requests, contributions and feedback via plain-text mail to:

      rainbows-public@bogomips.org

  The mail submission port (587) is open to those behind firewalls
  and allows access via Tor and anonymous remailers.
  Archives are accessible via:

  * http://bogomips.org/rainbows-public/
  * nntp://news.public-inbox.org/inbox.comp.lang.ruby.rainbows
  * nntp://news.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.ruby.rainbows.general

  and mirrored to various other places, so you do not even need
  to use a valid address when posting.

  18 changes since Rainbows! 4.7.0

        README: remove Zbatery references
        http_parser: handle keepalive_requests internally
        kill the moronic Status: header
        reflect changes in Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES
        reduce constant lookup dependencies
        http_parser: workaround hijack changes in unicorn 5
        http_server: add master_pid attribute
        stream_response_epoll: remove hijack_prepare call
        bump to unicorn 5.0.1, use monotonic clock
        add .gitattributes for Ruby method detection
        response: avoid garbage string entirely
        tiny bytecode reductions for cold paths
        Ruby 1.9.3+-only cleanups
        revactor: remove fcntl dependency
        response: simplify regexp
        t0105: fix test reliability
        fix Rainbows.now definition for old Rubies
        fix broken constant lookups in unmaintained bits

=== Rainbows! 4.7.0 - updates for ruby 2.3.0dev / 2015-10-19 21:24 UTC

  This release includes fixes for upcoming changes in Ruby 2.3.0
  (due December 2015).  Use of Rainbows! for new projects is not
  recommended, try other servers instead.

  * update dependencies for Ruby 2.2.0dev
  * switch docs + website to olddoc
  * gemspec: fix bad reference to rdoc_options
  * README: reference yahns
  * build: fix quoting issue with double parens
  * response: avoid unnecessary args to IO.copy_stream
  * t/close-has-env.ru: ensure close is idempotent
  * sync_close: This fix breakage from Ruby-trunk r50118
  * t/t0044-autopush.sh: remove test
  * t/test_isolate.rb: updates for various gem versions
  * response: convert source arg to path before IO.copy_stream
  * speed up QUIT for users of the unicorn worker_loop
  * gemspec: use SPDX-compatible license for GPL-2.0+

=== Rainbows! 4.6.2 - see you on the other side / 2014-05-12 07:32 UTC

  This release updates documentation to reflect the migration of the
  mailing list to a new public-inbox[1] instance.  This is necessary
  due to the impending RubyForge shutdown on May 15, 2014.

  The public-inbox address is: rainbows-public@bogomips.org
  (no subscription required, plain text only)
  ssoma[2] git archives: git://bogomips.org/rainbows-public
  browser-friendly archives: http://bogomips.org/rainbows-public/

  As evidenced by our git history, Rainbows! development has stagnated
  over the years.  Rainbows! was designed to be an unopinionated
  exploration into various concurrency options offered in the Ruby
  ecosystem.

  In recent years, I have come to favor the one-shot-based,
  worst-of-all-worlds design of yahns: http://yahns.yhbt.net/README
  Without the exploration from Rainbows!, yahns may not exist today.

  Disclaimer: Rainbows! has always been intolerant of buggy/broken code in
  libraries and apps.  yahns is even less tolerant of buggy/broken code,
  as the SIGKILL-based timeout mechanism inherited unicorn is completely
  gone. On the other hand, yahns has reasonable defaults so you do not
  have to read documentation to configure it.

  [1] policy: http://public-inbox.org/ - git://80x24.org/public-inbox
      an "archives first" approach to mailing lists
  [2] mechanism: http://ssoma.public-inbox.org/ - git://80x24.org/ssoma
      some sort of mail archiver (using git)

=== rainbows 4.6.1 - EventMachine fixes / 2014-02-02 00:30 UTC

  * event_machine: update for unicorn 4.8.x
  * disable cramp tests for now
  * update EventMachine tests
  * set executable bit rainbows executable

  Nothing relevant for non-EM users.

=== Rainbows! 4.6.0 - fix unicorn 4.8.0 compatibility / 2014-01-17 20:25 UTC

  The unicorn 4.8.0 internal changes unfortunately broke some
  unoffically supported behavior we depended on.  This release fixes
  that, but as a result, we lose compatibility of older unicorn
  versions.  (Oops!, oh well... :x)

  There's also minor bugfixes and documentation updates.
  The website is now at http://rainbows.bogomips.org/ since
  RubyForge is shutting down.  The mailing list will be migrated
  soon.

  In order to ease transitions to future versions of the GPL, we are
  now "GPLv2 or later" instead of explicitly GPLv2 + GPLv3(-only).
  The old Ruby 1.8 license remains an option.  If the FSF turns out
  a horrible GPLv4, users are free to continue using GPLv2 or GPLv3.

=== Rainbows! 4.5.0 - hijacking support / 2013-02-27 10:28 UTC

  This release adds hijacking support for Rack 1.5.x users.
  See Rack documentation for more information about hijacking.
  Lin Jen-Shin also provided the -N/--no-default-middleware option.
  Minor packaging cleanups and new HACKING document.

  There are also some corner-case bugfixes for *Epoll* users
  (sleepy_penguin, these bugs do not affect EM or Cool.io users)
  and test suite portability improvements.

=== Rainbows! 4.4.3 - bugfixes for EventMachine users / 2013-01-18 11:23 UTC

  This release fixes two EventMachine bugfixes from Lin Jen-Shin
  and Mark J. Titorenko.  There are also some minor cleanups.

  Lin Jen-Shin (1):
        event_machine: avoid close on deferred response

  Mark J. Titorenko (1):
        event_machine: join reactor_thread if it is already running

  Eric Wong (2):
        event_machine: cleanup confusing assignment
        t/GNUmakefile: cleanup test dependencies

=== Rainbows! 4.4.2 - EventMachine async.callback fix / 2012-12-06 11:41 UTC

  One bugfix allows stream(:keep_open) in Sinatra to work
  properly.

  Thanks to W. Andrew Loe III for the informative bug report
  and reproducible test case.

  ref: http://mid.gmane.org/CA+-9oNd1EFqsniPkkPTwu5opTCinbM7-2KHoXov7+y3LE4s4Tg@mail.gmail.com

=== Rainbows! 4.4.1 - a minor bugfix for Fiber users / 2012-08-31 01:54 UTC

  Fiber-based concurrency options avoids negative sleep
  intervals.  Thanks to Lin Jen-Shin for pointing this out.

=== Rainbows! 4.4.0 - minor improvements / 2012-08-18 07:32 UTC

  For epoll/Cool.io-based concurrency models, shutdown() is now
  used to timeout keepalive clients to avoid race conditions.
  Minor documentation improvements.

=== Rainbows! 4.3.1 - small bugfix / 2011-09-02 02:18 UTC

  This release fixes a potential reentrancy deadlock when
  using the default logger from the Ruby standard library.

=== Rainbows! 4.3.0 - pull in changes from unicorn 4.1.0 / 2011-08-20 01:20 UTC

  The deprecated Rainbows::HttpResponse class is finally gone
  thanks to Pratik Naik.  Logging of errors is more consistent
  with the changes in unicorn 4.1.0.  There are also minor
  documentation updates.  See the unicorn 4.1.0 release notes
  for more details:
    http://bogomips.org/unicorn.git/tag/?id=v4.1.0

=== Rainbows! 4.2.0 - Cramp WebSocket updates! / 2011-08-05 23:35 UTC

  This release includes updates to support WebSockets
  under Cramp 0.14 and later.  This will be the last
  release which supports Cramp 0.13.

  There are no changes in this release for non-Cramp
  users.

=== Rainbows! 4.1.0 - minor internal cleanups / 2011-07-30 22:43 UTC

  There are only some minor cleanups in this release and a bump to
  kgio 2.5 to remove the dependency on io/wait.  kgio 2.5 or later
  is now required (kgio 2.6+ will be required in the next
  release).

=== Rainbows! 4.0.0 - MOAR concurrency for MOAR COARS / 2011-06-27 09:33 UTC

  Rainbows! now scales to more than 1024 worker processes without
  special privileges.  To enable this, Rainbows! now depends on
  Unicorn 4.x and thus raindrops[1].

  client_max_header_size directive is added to limit per-client
  memory usage in headers.

  An experimental StreamResponseEpoll concurrency option now
  exists to buffer outgoing responses without any thread-safe
  dependencies.  Unlike the rest of Rainbows! which works fine
  without nginx, this concurrency option is /only/ supported
  behind nginx, even more strongly so than Unicorn itself.
  non-nginx LAN clients are NOT supported for this.  This relies
  on the sleepy_penguin[2] RubyGem (and Linux).

  There are some minor bug fixes and cleanups all around.  See
  "git log v3.4.0.." for details.

  [1] http://raindrops.bogomips.org/
  [2] http://bogomips.org/sleepy_penguin/

=== Rainbows 3.4.0 - minor updates and fixes / 2011-05-21 03:19 UTC

  SIGQUIT (graceful shutdown) now drops idle keepalive clients for
  the concurrency models where maintaining an idle client is
  relatively inexpensive: Coolio, CoolioThreadPool,
  CoolioThreadSpawn, Epoll, EventMachine, XEpoll,
  XEpollThreadPool, XEpollThreadSpawn.

  Kgio.autopush now works properly for all multi-threaded
  concurrency models (if you're using :tcp_nopush).

=== Rainbows! 3.3.0 - doc improvements and more / 2011-05-16 21:15 UTC

  * improved documentation all around, suggestions/comments to further
    improve documentation is greatly welcome at: rainbows-talk@rubyforge.org

  * added GPLv3 option to the license (now (Ruby|GPLv2|GPLv3), though
    Unicorn is still (Ruby|GPLv2) for now)

  * added client_header_buffer_size config directive (default 1K)

  * small default header buffer size (16K => 1K) to reduce memory usage,
    Rails apps with cookie sessions may want to increase this (~2K)

  * all concurrency models default to 50 connections per process

  * all concurrency models with a secondary :pool_size parameter also
    default to 50 (threads/fibers/whatever)

  * RLIMIT_NOFILE and RLIMIT_NPROC are automatically increased if needed

  * Rainbows::ThreadTimeout middleware rewritten, still not recommended,
    lazy people should be using Unicorn anyways :)

  * Several experimental Linux-only edge-triggered epoll options:
    XEpollThreadSpawn, XEpollThreadPool, XEpoll, and Epoll.
    The latter two were in previous releases but never announced.
    These require the "sleepy_penguin", "raindrops", and "sendfile" RubyGems

  === Deprecations

  * Rainbows::Fiber::IO* APIs all deprecated, Rainbows! will avoid
    having any concurrency model-specific APIs in the future and
    also avoid introducing new APIs for applications.

  * Fiber-based concurrency models are no longer recommended, they're
    too fragile for most apps, use at your own risk (they'll continue to
    be supported, however).  Linux NPTL + Ruby 1.9 is pretty lightweight
    and will be even lighter in Ruby 1.9.3 if you're careful with stack
    usage in your C extensions.

=== Rainbows! 3.2.0 - trying to send files to slow clients / 2011-03-15 12:45 UTC

  We now use IO#trysendfile in the sendfile 1.1.0 to reduce the
  cost of generating backtraces for slow clients (from EAGAIN).
  Nothing new for people not serving static files (but more
  on the way).

  Existing "sendfile" gem users must upgrade to 1.1.0
  or risk being left without sendfile support at all:
   http://bogomips.org/rainbows.git/patch?id=cd8a874d

=== Rainbows! 3.1.0 - minor updates / 2011-02-11 11:13 UTC

  Small bug fixes that have been sitting around, not much but
  it's already been one month since our last release.

  * Unicorn dependency updated to 3.4.0, so we get IPv6 support
    and Kgio.autopush support for ":tcp_nopush => true" users.

  * Optional :pool_size argument is fixed for NeverBlock and
    CoolioThreadPool users.

  * Mostly minor internal code cleanups

  * Sunshowers support removed, it was out-of-date and
    unmaintained.  Cramp remains supported for now.

  * X-Rainbows-* response headers support removed, nobody used it.

  There are severalnew features in this release not documented
  here.  Consider any new features not mentioned in these release
  notes to be subject to removal/renaming in future releases.

=== Rainbows! 3.0.0 - serving the fastest apps to slow clients faster! / 2011-01-12 01:12 UTC

  There is one incompatible change: We no longer assume application
  authors are crazy and use strangely-cased headers for "Content-Length",
  "Transfer-Encoding", and "Range".  This allows us to avoid the
  case-insensitivity of Rack::Utils::HeaderHash for a speed boost on the
  few apps that already serve thousands of requests/second per-worker.

  :Coolio got "async.callback" support like :EventMachine, but it
  currently lacks EM::Deferrables which would allow us to call
  "succeed"/"fail" callbacks.  This means only one-shot response writes
  are supported.

  There are numerous internal code cleanups and several bugfixes for
  handling partial static file responses.

=== Rainbows! 2.1.0 - Cool.io, bugfixes and more! / 2010-12-29 02:18 UTC

  Cool.io (new version of Rev) support is explicitly added
  (it always worked before).  ":Coolio" may be used in place
  of ":Rev" anywhere in your Rainbows! config file.

  There is a new "keepalive_requests" config directive to limit
  the number of requests a single connection may make (default:
  100, same as nginx).  This may be useful for better
  load-balancing characteristics.

  The old "Rev" prefixes remain supported as long as Cool.io
  remains compatible with Rev (likely forever).

  Bug fixes:

  * Rainbows::ThreadTimeout middleware with multiple clients
  * large, pipelined upload errors with Revactor+Coolio(Rev)
  * high CPU usage for maintaining idle keepalive on *Fiber*
  * needless ThreadPool wakeups
  * request env prematurely cleared keepalive requests,
    breaking some middlewares such as Clogger.
  * "close" not called on body if wrapper and sendfile used together

  Various code cleanups, and our RDoc website is JavaScript-free.
  See the ChangeLog or git for all changes.

=== Rainbows! 2.0.1 - upload pipelining fixes / 2010-12-03 01:26 UTC

  For HTTP clients living on the edge and pipelining uploads, we
  now fully support pipelined requests (as long as the application
  consumes each request in its entirety).

=== Rainbows! 2.0.0 - minority rules! / 2010-11-20 03:10 UTC

  This release is targeted at the minority of web applications
  that deal heavily with uploads.

  Thanks to Unicorn 3.x, we now support HTTP keepalive for
  requests with bodies as long as the application consumes them.
  Unicorn 3.x also allows disabling the rewindability requirement
  of "rack.input" (in violation of the Rack 1.x spec).

  The global client_body_max_size may also be applied per-endpoint
  using the Rainbows::MaxBody middleware described in:

    http://rainbows.rubyforge.org/Rainbows/MaxBody.html

=== Rainbows! 1.0.0 - internal cleanups / 2010-10-28 09:01 UTC

  This release is merely a milestone in our evolving internal API.
  Use of kgio may result in performance improvements under Ruby
  1.9.2 with non-blocking I/O-intensive workloads.

  The only bugfix is that SIGHUP reloads restores defaults on
  unset settings.  A similar fix is included in Unicorn 2.0.0
  as well.

=== Rainbows! 1.0.0pre1 - kinder, gentler I/O / 2010-10-26 21:33 UTC

  Mostly internal changes for kgio (and Unicorn) integration.
  There should be no (supported) user-visible changes from
  Rainbows! 0.97.0.  kgio should improve performance for
  concurrency models that use non-blocking I/O internally,
  especially under Ruby 1.9.2

=== Rainbows! 0.97.0 / 2010-08-28 19:46 UTC

  We now depend on Unicorn 1.1.3 to avoid race conditions during
  log cycling.  This bug mainly affected folks using Rainbows! as
  a multithreaded static file server.

  "keepalive_timeout 0" now works as documented for all backends
  to completely disable keepalive.  This was previously broken
  under EventMachine, Rev, and Revactor.

  There is a new Rainbows::ThreadTimeout Rack middleware which
  gives soft timeouts to apps running on multithreaded backends.

  There are several bugfixes for proxying IO objects and the usual
  round of small code cleanups and documentation updates.

  See the commits in git for all the details.

=== Rainbows! 0.96.0 - range support / 2010-08-03 09:04 UTC

  For concurrency models that use sendfile or IO.copy_stream, HTTP
  Range requests are honored when serving static files.  Due to
  the lack of known use cases, multipart range responses are not
  supported.

  When serving static files with sendfile and proxying
  pipe/socket bodies, responses bodies are always properly closed
  and we have more test cases for dealing with prematurely
  disconnecting clients.

  Concurrency model specific changes:

  EventMachine, NeverBlock -
  * keepalive is now supported when proxying pipes/sockets
  * pipelining works properly when using EM::FileStreamer
  * these remain the only concurrency models _without_
    Range support (EM::FileStreamer doesn't support ranges)

  Rev, RevThreadSpawn, RevThreadPool -
  * keepalive is now supported when proxying pipes/sockets
  * pipelining works properly when using sendfile

  RevThreadPool -
  * no longer supported under 1.8, it pegs the CPU at 100%.
    Use RevThreadSpawn (or any other concurrency model) if
    you're on 1.8, or better yet, switch to 1.9.

  Revactor -
  * proxying pipes/sockets with DevFdResponse is much faster
    thanks to a new Actor-aware IO wrapper (used transparently
    with DevFdResponse)
  * sendfile support added, along with Range responses

  FiberSpawn, FiberPool, RevFiberSpawn -
  * Range responses supported when using sendfile

  ThreadPool, ThreadSpawn, WriterThreadPool, WriterThreadSpawn -
  * Range responses supported when using sendfile or
    IO.copy_stream.

  See the full git logs for a list of all changes.

=== Rainbows! v0.95.1 - depend on newer Unicorn / 2010-07-11 02:53 UTC

  Eric Wong (3):
    test_isolate: document why we test with Rack 1.1.0
    doc: make RDoc skip private methods
    bump Unicorn dependency to 1.1.1

=== Rainbows! 0.95.0 - sendfile() support! / 2010-07-10 08:45 UTC

  In addition to the 1.9-only IO.copy_stream, the new sendfile
  1.0.0 gem may optionally be used with most concurrency models
  (even under 1.8).

  See http://rainbows.rubyforge.org/Static_Files.html for more info

  Other changes:

  * 1.9 encoding bugfix for (Rev)FiberSpawn and FiberPool
  * fixed potential rack.input corruption with Revactor
  * ThreadPool graceful shutdown no longer blocks until timeout
  * optional ServerToken middleware for to display Server: header
  * Dependencies bumped to Rack 1.1+ and Unicorn 1.1.0+
  * numerous internal cleanups, small bugfixes and speedups
  * more concise website oriented at users

=== Rainbows! 0.94.0 - one eight ate my homework! / 2010-06-04 08:42 UTC

  This release fixes corrupted large response bodies for Ruby 1.8
  users with the WriterThreadSpawn and WriterThreadPool models
  introduced in 0.93.0.  This bug did not affect Ruby 1.9 users
  nor the users of any older concurrency models.

  There is also a strange new Rainbows::Sendfile middleware.  It
  is used to negate the effect of Rack::Contrib::Sendfile, if that
  makes sense.  See the RDoc or
  http://rainbows.rubyforge.org/Rainbows/Sendfile.html for all the
  gory details.

  Finally, the RDoc for our test suite is on the website:

    http://rainbows.rubyforge.org/Test_Suite.html

  I wrote this document back when the project started but
  completely forgot to tell RDoc about it.  Personally, this
  test suite is one of my favorite parts of the project.

=== Rainbows! 0.93.0 - MOAR!!!1 / 2010-05-29 06:20 UTC

  In our race to have more concurrency options than real sites
  using this server, we've added two new and fully supported
  concurrency models: WriterThreadSpawn and WriterThreadPool

  They're both designed to for serving large static files and work
  best with IO.copy_stream (sendfile!) under Ruby 1.9.  They may
  also be used to dynamically generate long running, streaming
  responses after headers are sent (use "proxy_buffering off" with
  nginx).

  Unlike most concurrency options in Rainbows!, these are designed
  to run behind nginx (or haproxy if you don't support POST/PUT
  requests) and are vulnerable to slow client denial of service
  attacks.

  I floated the idea of doing something along these lines back in
  the early days of Unicorn, but deemed it too dangerous for some
  applications.  But nothing is too dangerous for Rainbows!  So
  here they are now for your experimentation.

=== Rainbows! 0.92.0 - inching towards the pot of gold / 2010-05-04 21:58 UTC

  Mostly internal cleanups and small improvements.

  The only backwards incompatible change was the addition of the
  "client_max_body_size" parameter to limit upload sizes to
  prevent DoS.  This defaults to one megabyte (same as nginx), so
  any apps relying on the limit-less behavior of previous will
  have to configure this in the Unicorn/Rainbows! config file:

        Rainbows! do
  	# nil for unlimited, or any number in bytes
  	client_max_body_size nil
        end

  The ThreadSpawn and ThreadPool models are now optimized for serving
  large static files under Ruby 1.9 using IO.copy_stream[1].

  The EventMachine model has always had optimized static file
  serving (using EM::Connection#stream_file_data[2]).

  The EventMachine model (finally) gets conditionally deferred app
  dispatch in a separate thread, as described by Ezra Zygmuntowicz
  for Merb, Ebb and Thin[3].

  [1] - http://euruko2008.csrug.cz/system/assets/documents/0000/0007/tanaka-IOcopy_stream-euruko2008.pdf
  [2] - http://eventmachine.rubyforge.org/EventMachine/Connection.html#M000312
  [3] - http://brainspl.at/articles/2008/04/18/deferred-requests-with-merb-ebb-and-thin

=== Rainbows! 0.91.1 - use a less-broken parser from Unicorn / 2010-04-19 21:13 UTC

  This release fixes a denial-of-service vector for deployments
  exposed directly to untrusted clients.

  The HTTP parser in Unicorn <= 0.97.0 would trip an assertion
  (killing the associated worker process) on invalid
  Content-Length headers instead of raising an exception.  Since
  Rainbows! and Zbatery supports multiple clients per worker
  process, all clients connected to the worker process that hit
  the assertion would be aborted.

  Deployments behind nginx are _not_ affected by this bug, as
  nginx will reject clients that send invalid Content-Length
  headers.

  The status of deployments behind other HTTP-aware proxies is
  unknown.  Deployments behind a non-HTTP-aware proxy (or no proxy
  at all) are certainly affected by this DoS.

  Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade as soon as possible,
  there are no other changes besides this bug fix from Rainbows!
  0.91.0 nor Unicorn 0.97.0

  This bug affects all previously released versions of Rainbows!
  and Zbatery.

=== Rainbows! 0.91.0 - Unicorn resync / 2010-03-01 10:03 UTC

  Unicorn 0.97.0 has a bunch of internal cleanups and small fixes
  and this is mainly to resync with those changes.

  keepalive_timeout now defaults to 5 seconds (from 2 seconds
  previous).  This should help out clients on slower connections.

  Some small fixes and cleanups:

  * Rainbows::Fiber::IO objects may leak if a rare app uses them
    explicitly with FiberSpawn/FiberPool-only (not RevFiberSpawn)

  * quiet down ENOTCONN handling, there's nothing we can do about
    this error so we won't fill our logs with it.

=== Rainbows! 0.90.2 / 2010-02-13 09:11 UTC

  This release depends on Unicorn 0.96.1 for an updated
  Unicorn::HttpParser to avoid leaking memory.

  The HttpParser in Unicorn <= 0.96.0 did not setup the parser
  object properly to be freed by the garbage collector.

  While this bug did not affect Unicorn itself, Rainbows!
  allocates a new Unicorn::HttpParser object for every new client
  connection and Unicorn did not properly setup the parser object
  to be freed by the Ruby garbage collector.

  There are also minor cosmetic cleanups and fixes:

  Eric Wong (10):
        http_response: disallow blank, multi-value headers
        Fix "rainbows -h" and "rainbows -v"
        Update docs + tests to reflect Rev 0.3.2 release
        local.mk.sample: bump Rack dependency
        Merge branch 'rack-1.1'
        add Cramp integration tests
        Rakefile: autoload Gem
        t/bin/*: encoding should be the first line after shebang
        gemspec: bump dependency on Unicorn to avoid leak
        Rainbows! 0.90.2

=== Rainbows! 0.90.1 / 2009-12-30 10:24 UTC

  This release contains minor bugfixes/compatibility improvements
  for ThreadSpawn, ThreadPool and EventMachine users.

  Excessive error messages from spurious wakeups using
  ThreadSpawn/ThreadPool under most platforms are silenced.  Only
  Ruby 1.9 users under Linux were unaffected by this bug.

  EventMachine users may now use EM::Deferrable objects in
  responses, vastly improving compatibility with existing
  async_sinatra apps.

=== Rainbows! 0.90.0 / 2009-12-22 21:54 UTC

  This release should fix ThreadSpawn green thread blocking issues
  under MRI 1.8.  Excessive socket closing is avoided when using
  Thread* models with Sunshowers (or clients disconnecting
  during uploads).

  There is a new RevFiberSpawn concurrency model which combines
  Rev with the traditional FiberSpawn model.

=== Rainbows! 0.9.0 / 2009-12-13 22:51 UTC

  This release introduces compatibility with Sunshowers, a library
  for Web Sockets, see http://rainbows.rubyforge.org/sunshowers
  for more information.  Several small cleanups and fixes.

  Eric Wong (20):
        add RevThreadPool to README
        rev: do not initialize a Rev::Loop in master process
        rainbows.1: update headers
        do not log IOError raised during app processing
        move "async.callback" constant to EvCore
        larger thread  pool default sizes ({Rev,}ThreadPool)
        ev_core: no need to explicitly close TmpIOs
        EventMachine: allow usage as a base class
        NeverBlock: resync with recent our EM-related expansion
        RevThread*: move warning message to a saner place
        EventMachineDefer: preliminary (and) broken version
        TODO: add EM Deferrables
        RevThread*: remove needless nil assignment
        README: HTML5 Web Sockets may not be supported, yet...
        env["hack.io"] for Fiber*, Revactor, Thread* models
        EventMachineDefer is experimental
        README: add Sunshowers reference
        Rakefile: resync with Unicorn
        doc/comparison: add Web Sockets to comparison
        README updates

=== Rainbows! 0.8.0 / 2009-12-02 08:55 UTC

  This release fixes a memory leak in our existing Revactor
  concurrency model.  A new RevThreadPool concurrency model has
  been added as well as small cleaups to exit handling in workers.

=== Rainbows! 0.7.0 / 2009-11-30 04:21 UTC

  keepalive_timeout (default: 2 seconds) is now supported to
  disconnect idle connections.  Several new concurrency models
  added include: NeverBlock, FiberSpawn and FiberPool; all of
  which have only been lightly tested.  RevThreadSpawn loses
  streaming input support to become simpler and faster for the
  general cases.  AppPool middleware is now compatible with all
  Fiber-based models including Revactor and NeverBlock.

  A new document gives a summary of all the options we give you:

    http://rainbows.rubyforge.org/Summary.html

  If you're using any of the Rev-based concurrency models, the
  latest iobuffer (0.1.3) gem will improve performance.  Also,
  RevThreadSpawn should become usable under MRI 1.8 with the next
  release of Rev (0.3.2).

=== Rainbows! 0.6.0 - bugfixes galore / 2009-11-15 23:29 UTC

  Client shutdowns/errors when streaming "rack.input" into the
  Rack application are quieter now.  Rev and EventMachine workers
  now shutdown correctly when the master dies.  Worker processes
  now fail gracefully if log reopening fails.  ThreadSpawn and
  ThreadPool models now load Unicorn classes in a thread-safe way.

  There's also an experimental RevThreadSpawn concurrency
  model which may be heavily reworked in the future...

  Eric Wong (30):
        Threaded models have trouble with late loading under 1.9
        cleanup worker heartbeat and master deathwatch
        tests: allow use of alternative sha1 implementations
        rev/event_machine: simplify keepalive checking a bit
        tests: sha1.ru now handles empty bodies
        rev: split out further into separate files for reuse
        rev: DeferredResponse is independent of parser state
        remove unnecessary class variable
        ev_core: cleanup handling of APP constant
        rev: DeferredResponse: always attach to main loop
        initial cut of the RevThreadSpawn model
        rev_thread_spawn/revactor: fix TeeInput for short reads
        rev_thread_spawn: make 1.9 TeeInput performance tolerable
        tests: add executable permissions to t0102
        tests: extra check to avoid race in reopen logs test
        rev_thread_spawn: 16K chunked reads work better
        tests: ensure proper accounting of worker_connections
        tests: heartbeat-timeout: simplify and avoid possible race
        tests: ensure we process "START" from FIFO when starting
        http_response: don't "rescue nil" for body.close
        cleanup error handling pieces
        tests: more stringent tests for error handling
        revactor/tee_input: unnecessary error handling
        gracefully exit workers if reopening logs fails
        revactor/tee_input: raise ClientDisconnect on EOFError
        bump versions since we depend on Unicorn::ClientShutdown
        revactor/tee_input: share error handling with superclass
        RevThreadSpawn is still experimental
        Revert "Threaded models have trouble with late loading under 1.9"
        Rakefile: add raa_update task

=== Rainbows! 0.5.0 / 2009-11-05 10:27 UTC

  We depend on the just-released Unicorn 0.94.0 for the fixed
  trailer handling.  As with `unicorn', the `rainbows' executable
  now sets and respects ENV["RACK_ENV"].  Also small fixes and
  cleanups including better FreeBSD 7.2 compatibility and
  less likely to over-aggressively kill slow/idle workers
  when a very low timeout is set.

  Eric Wong (20):
        rev: split out heartbeat class
        bump Unicorn dependency to (consistently) pass tests
        tests: avoid single backquote in echo
        event_machine: avoid slurping when proxying
        tests: make timeout tests reliable under 1.9
        thread_pool: comment for potential SMP issue under 1.9
        Allow 'use "model"' as a string as well as symbol
        Rev model is the only user of deferred_bodies
        ev_core: use Tempfile instead of Unicorn::Util::tmpio
        ev_core: ensure quit is triggered on all errors
        rainbows: set and use process-wide ENV["RACK_ENV"]
        http_server: add one second to any requested timeout
        thread_pool: update fchmod heartbeat every second
        t0004: tighten up timeout test
        ev_core: remove Tempfile usage once again
        cleanup: remove unused t????.ru test files
        tests: staggered trailer upload test
        ensure RACK_ENV is inherited from the parent env
        t0100: more precise `expr` usage

=== Rainbows! 0.4.0 / 2009-10-27 08:44 UTC

  Basic single-threaded EventMachine support is now included.  It
  supports async_synatra[1] via the "async.callback" Rack
  environment[2].  For EventMachine, we rely on the updated
  attach/watch API in EventMachine 0.12.10.

  As Revactor 0.1.5 is now available, our Revactor support now
  depends on it as it adds the ability to listen on UNIX domain
  sockets.

  Of course, all dependencies (besides Unicorn and Rack) are
  soft and only loaded if your configured concurrency model
  requires it.

  For developers/QA folks, the integration tests are completely
  revamped for easier maintenance when new concurrency models are
  introduced and should also produce TAP-compliant output.  The
  test suite remains highly parallelizable using GNU make.

  There are immediate plans to expand support for both Rev and
  EventMachine to support use with threaded application dispatch.

  Eric Wong (41):
        rev: remove Revactor-specific workaround
        README: change ordering of concurrency model listing
        tests: more correct HTTP/0.9 test
        test-lib: avoid stalling due to bad FIFO handling
        rev: fix static file responses under HTTP/0.9
        add news bodies to site NEWS.atom.xml
        tests: avoid needlessly remaking "rainbows"
        initial EventMachine support
        tests: hopefully fix stalls in input trailer tests
        tests: avoid race condition in reopen logs test
        tests: prefer "RUBY" to lowercased "ruby"
        tests: common setup and wait_start functions
        tests: add a TAP producer shell library
        tests: port all existing tests to TAP library
        tests: remove symlinks and small files, use Make
        t9000: bail if run with an unsupported/pointless model
        tests: allow "make $model" to run tests for that model
        rev: spell ECONNABORTED correctly
        rev/evma: move common code for event models into ev_core
        ev_core: do not drop deferred bodies on graceful quits
        eventmachine: get basic tests working
        rev: do not File.expand_path on result of body.to_path
        eventmachine 0.12.8 passes all tests
        tests: make large file memory tests more reliable
        eventmachine: require EM 0.12.10
        update gem dependencies in comments/local.mk.sample
        rev: enforce Rev::VERSION >= 0.3.0
        eventmachine: add async_sinatra support
        tests: only load Revactor tests under 1.9.1
        tests: gracefully exit if EventMachine is not available
        tests: error out if socat + curl aren't reachable
        thread*: fix MRI 1.8.6 compatibility
        local.mk.sample: cleanups and minor reorg
        eventmachine: remove unnecessary ivar assignment
        eventmachine: document our support of "async_synatra"
        doc: Update TODO and README
        tests: generate all dependencies atomically
        app_pool: update RDoc
        test-lib: DWIM handling of temp UNIX sockets
        revactor: require 0.1.5, remove 0.1.4 workarounds
        gemspec: bump up Unicorn dep version to 0.93.4

  [1] http://github.com/raggi/async_sinatra
  [2] this is not 100% Rack::Lint compatible, but we'll let it
      slide since there are already folks depending on
      the async_sinatra gem

=== Rainbows! 0.3.0 / 2009-10-19 18:21 UTC

  The major feature of this release is the new DeferredResponse
  middleware for the Rev-based concurrency model.  It should be
  transparently compatible with non-Rev models, as well.  As a
  pleasant side effect, this change also allows large files to be
  streamed to the client with Rev as the socket becomes writable
  instead of slurping the entire file into an IO::Buffer first.

  Bugfixes to graceful shutdowns support for all concurrency
  models.  The Rev-based model also gets a working heartbeat
  mechanism (oops!) and fixed HTTP/1.1 pipelining support.

  Eric Wong (38):
        app_pool: note it being currently broken with Revactor
        Revactor tests can sleep more easily
        tests: sleep.ru handles "Expect: 100-continue"
        Fix graceful shutdown handling of Thread* models harder
        DRY setting of rack.multithread
        test-lib: dbgcat adds headers with key name
        use timeout correctly to join threads on SIGQUIT
        Rev: simplification to error handling
        tests: sleep.ru slurps rack.input stream
        refactor graceful shutdowns again, harder
        tests: introduce require_for_model function
        tests: add unbuffered tee(1)-like helper
        tests: rack.input trailer tests for all models
        tests: fix issues with non-portable shell constructs
        tests: fix random_blob dependency
        tests: factor out a common parser error "library"
        tests: DRY setting of the "model" environment var
        tests: DRY Ruby requires based on model
        test-lib: quiet down pipefail error message
        tests: DRY require tests for Rev/Revactor
        rev: handle fully-buffered, pipelined requests
        rev: avoid stack overflow through pipelining
        tests: common basic HTTP tests for all models
        tests: rack.input hammer concurrency testing
        tests: for log reopening for all concurrency models
        http_response: filter out X-Rainbows-* headers
        rev: fix heartbeat timeouts
        revactor: switch to a 1 second heartbeat
        rev: async response bodies with DevFdResponse middleware
        tests: more reliable error checking
        tests: DWIM FIFO creation
        tests: predictable and simpler tempfile management
        rev: AsyncResponse => DeferredResponse API cleanup
        rev: update documentation for this model
        TUNING: update documentation notes
        TODO: update with new items
        local.mk.sample: sync with BDFL's version
        Rainbows! 0.3.0

=== Rainbows! 0.2.0 / 2009-10-15 08:01 UTC

  This release adds preliminary Rev support for network
  concurrency under Ruby 1.8 and Ruby 1.9.  There are caveats to
  this model and reading the RDoc for Rainbows::Rev is
  recommended.

  Rainbows::AppPool Rack middleware is now available to limit
  application concurrency on a per-process basis independently of
  network concurrency.  See the RDoc for this class for further
  details.

  Per-client timeouts have been removed, see
  http://mid.gmane.org/20091013062602.GA13128@dcvr.yhbt.net
  for the reasoning.

  Rack environment changes:

  * "rack.multithread" is now only true for models with "Thread"
    in their name.  Enabling thread-safe (but not reentrant) code
    may actually be harmful for Revactor.

  * "rainbows.model" is now exposed so the application can easily
    figure out which network concurrency model is in use.

  Bugfixes include better shutdown and error handling for all
  existing models, OpenBSD compatibility for the per-process
  heartbeat (same as found in unicorn v0.93.3).

  Eric Wong (54):
        add SIGNALS doc to RDoc
        SIGNALS: add Rainbows!-specific notes
        doc: better "Rainbows!" RDoc examples and linkage
        tests: generate random_blob once for all tests
        tests: move trash files to their own trash/ directory
        t0000: basic test includes keepalive + pipelining
        tests: simplify temporary file management
        tests: add dbgcat() utility method
        fchmod heartbeat flips between 0/1
        tests: add revactor pipelining/keepalive test
        thread_spawn: trap EAGAIN on accept_nonblock
        thread_spawn: more robust loop
        thread_spawn: non-blocking accept() shouldn't EINTR
        tests: enable pipefail shell option if possible
        README for test suite
        tests: TEST_OPTS => SH_TEST_OPTS
        tests: update TRACER examples in makefile
        tests: create a bad exit code by default
        thread_spawn: clean up nuking of timed-out threads
        factor out common listen loop error handling
        graceful exit on trap TypeError from IO.select
        expand and share init_worker_process
        revactor: break on EBADF in the accepting actors
        revactor: cleanups and remove redundancy
        No need to be halving timeout, already done for us
        revactor: graceful death of keepalive clients
        revactor: continue fchmod beat in graceful exit
        cleanup thread models, threads no longer time out
        revactor: fix graceful shutdown timeouts
        Fix graceful shutdowns for threaded models
        SIGINT/SIGTERM shuts down instantly in workers
        tests: check for common exceptions with "Error"
        DEPLOY: update with notes on DoS potential
        tests: add reopen logs test for revactor
        vs Unicorn: use diagrams for concurrency models
        vs Unicorn: fix wording to be consistent with diagrams
        vs Unicorn: fix copy+paste errors and grammar fail
        README: alter reply conventions for the mailing list
        preliminary Rev support
        local.mk.sample: use ksh93 as default $(SHELL)
        rack.multithread is only true for Thread* models
        Rev: general module documentation + caveats
        Rev: fix error handling for parser errors
        t3003: set executable bit
        documentation updates (mostly on network models)
        rack: expose "rainbows.model" in Rack environment
        tests: enforce rack.multithread and rainbows.model
        README: update URLs
        README: update with Rev model caveats
        Add Rainbows::AppPool Rack middleware
        t4003: chmod +x
        local.mk.sample: use rev 0.3.1 instead
        README: link to AppPool and extra note about Rev model
        Rainbows! 0.2.0

=== Rainbows! v0.1.1 / 2009-10-06 03:51 UTC

  Fixed Ruby 1.8 support (and all 1.9 systems without Revactor).
  Process-wide timeout handling for the ThreadSpawn concurrency
  model should now work properly.  Small cleanups everywhere.

  Eric Wong (16):
        Rakefile: add publish_news target
        Fix NEWS generation on single-paragraph tag messages
        README: move RDoc links down to fix gem description
        README: add install instructions
        summary: s/slow apps/sleepy apps/g
        Avoid naming names in LICENSE/README files
        rainbows/base: cleanup constant include
        tests: quiet down bin installation
        Add top-level "test" target for make
        local.mk.sample: sync to my current version
        tests: allow "make V=2" to set TEST_OPTS += -x
        cleanup temporary file usage in tests
        local.mk.sample: fix revactor dependency
        Thread* models: cleanup timeout management
        thread_spawn: fix timeout leading to worker death
        less error-prone timeouts for Thread models

=== Rainbows! 0.1.0 / 2009-10-05 10:44 UTC

  Initial release

  This release is currently highly experimental and is still
  missing a lot of test coverage.

