ttyd(1)

NAME

ttyd - Share your terminal over the web

SYNOPSIS

ttyd [options] <command> [<arguments...>]

Description

ttyd is a command-line tool for sharing terminal over the web that runs in *nix and windows systems, with the following features:

•   Built on top of Libwebsockets with C for speed

•   Fully-featured terminal based on Xterm.js with CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) and IME support

•   Graphical ZMODEM integration with lrzsz support

•   SSL support based on OpenSSL

•   Run any custom command with options

•   Basic authentication support and many other custom options

•   Cross platform: macOS, Linux, FreeBSD/OpenBSD, OpenWrt/LEDE, Windows

OPTIONS

-p, --port <port>
      Port to listen (default: 7681, use 0 for random port)

-i, --interface <interface>
      Network interface to bind (eg: eth0), or UNIX domain socket path (eg: /var/run/ttyd.sock)

-c, --credential USER[:PASSWORD]
      Credential for Basic Authentication (format: username:password)

-u, --uid <uid>
      User id to run with

-g, --gid <gid>
      Group id to run with

-s, --signal <signal string>
      Signal to send to the command when exit it (default: 1, SIGHUP)

-a, --url-arg
      Allow client to send command line arguments in URL (eg: ⟨http://localhost:7681?arg=foo&arg=bar⟩)

-R, --readonly
      Do not allow clients to write to the TTY

-t, --client-option <key=value>
      Send option to client (format: key=value), repeat to add more options

-T, --terminal-type
      Terminal type to report, default: xterm-256color

-O, --check-origin
      Do not allow websocket connection from different origin

-m, --max-clients
      Maximum clients to support (default: 0, no limit)

-o, --once
      Accept only one client and exit on disconnection

-B, --browser
      Open terminal with the default system browser

-I, --index <index file>
      Custom index.html path

-6, --ipv6
      Enable IPv6 support

-S, --ssl
      Enable SSL

-C, --ssl-cert <cert path>
      SSL certificate file path

-K, --ssl-key <key path>
      SSL key file path

-A, --ssl-ca <ca path>
      SSL CA file path for client certificate verification

-d, --debug <level>
      Set log level (default: 7)

-v, --version
      Print the version and exit

-h, --help
      Print this text and exit

Examples

ttyd starts web server at port 7681 by default, you can use the -p option to change it, the command will be started with arguments as options. For example, run:

    ttyd -p 8080 bash -x

Then open ⟨http://localhost:8080⟩ with a browser, you will get a bash shell with debug mode enabled. More examples:

•   If you want to login with your system accounts on the web browser, run ttyd login.

•   You can even run a none shell command like vim, try: ttyd vim, the web browser will show you a vim editor.

•   Sharing single process with multiple clients: ttyd tmux new -A -s ttyd vim, run tmux new -A -s ttyd to connect to the tmux session from terminal.

SSL how-to

Generate SSL CA and self signed server/client certificates:

    # CA certificate (FQDN must be different from server/client)
    openssl genrsa -out ca.key 2048
    openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca.key -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=SZ/O=Acme, Inc./CN=Acme Root CA" -out ca.crt
    # server certificate (for multiple domains, change subjectAltName to: DNS:example.com,DNS:www.example.com)
    openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout server.key -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=SZ/O=Acme, Inc./CN=localhost" -out server.csr
    openssl x509 -req -extfile <(printf "subjectAltName=DNS:localhost") -days 365 -in server.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out server.crt
    # client certificate (the p12/pem format may be useful for some clients)
    openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout client.key -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=SZ/O=Acme, Inc./CN=client" -out client.csr
    openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in client.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out client.crt
    openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.p12
    openssl pkcs12 -in client.p12 -out client.pem -clcerts

Then start ttyd:

    ttyd --ssl --ssl-cert server.crt --ssl-key server.key --ssl-ca ca.crt bash

You may want to test the client certificate verification with curl(1):

    curl --insecure --cert client.p12[:password] -v https://localhost:7681

If you don't want to enable client certificate verification, remove the --ssl-ca option.

Docker and ttyd

Docker containers are jailed environments which are more secure, this is useful for protecting the host system, you may use ttyd with docker like this:

•   Sharing single docker container with multiple clients: docker run -it --rm -p 7681:7681 tsl0922/ttyd.

•   Creating new docker container for each client: ttyd docker run -it --rm ubuntu.

AUTHOR

Shuanglei Tao <tsl0922@gmail.com> Visit ⟨https://github.com/tsl0922/ttyd⟩ to get more information and report bugs.