Package lxml :: Package isoschematron |
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# Source Code for Package lxml.isoschematron

      1  """The ``lxml.isoschematron`` package implements ISO Schematron support on top
      2  of the pure-xslt 'skeleton' implementation.
      3  """
      4
      5  import sys
      6  import os.path
      7  from lxml import etree as _etree # due to validator __init__ signature
      8
      9
     10  # some compat stuff, borrowed from lxml.html
     11  try:
     12      bytes = __builtins__["bytes"]
     13  except (KeyError, NameError):
     14      # Python < 2.6
     15      bytes = str
     16  try:
     17      unicode = __builtins__["unicode"]
     18  except (KeyError, NameError):
     19      # Python 3
     20      unicode = str
     21  try:
     22      basestring = __builtins__["basestring"]
     23  except (KeyError, NameError):
     24      # Python 3
     25      basestring = str
     26
     27
     28  __all__ = ['extract_xsd', 'extract_rng', 'iso_dsdl_include',
     29             'iso_abstract_expand', 'iso_svrl_for_xslt1',
     30             'svrl_validation_errors', 'schematron_schema_valid',
     31             'stylesheet_params', 'Schematron']
     32
     33
     34  # some namespaces
     35  #FIXME: Maybe lxml should provide a dedicated place for common namespace
     36  #FIXME: definitions?
     37  XML_SCHEMA_NS = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     38  RELAXNG_NS = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
     39  SCHEMATRON_NS = "http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"
     40  SVRL_NS = "http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/svrl"
     41
     42
     43  # some helpers
     44  _schematron_root = '{%s}schema' % SCHEMATRON_NS
     45  _xml_schema_root = '{%s}schema' % XML_SCHEMA_NS
     46  _resources_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'resources')
     47
     48
     49  # the iso-schematron skeleton implementation steps aka xsl transformations
     50  extract_xsd = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     51      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'XSD2Schtrn.xsl')))
     52  extract_rng = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     53      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'RNG2Schtrn.xsl')))
     54  iso_dsdl_include = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     55      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'iso-schematron-xslt1',
     56                   'iso_dsdl_include.xsl')))
     57  iso_abstract_expand = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     58      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'iso-schematron-xslt1',
     59                   'iso_abstract_expand.xsl')))
     60  iso_svrl_for_xslt1 = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     61      os.path.join(_resources_dir,
     62                   'xsl', 'iso-schematron-xslt1', 'iso_svrl_for_xslt1.xsl')))
     63
     64
     65  # svrl result accessors
     66  svrl_validation_errors = _etree.XPath(
     67      '//svrl:failed-assert', namespaces={'svrl': SVRL_NS})
     68
     69
     70  # RelaxNG validator for schematron schemas
     71  schematron_schema_valid = _etree.RelaxNG(_etree.parse(
     72      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'rng', 'iso-schematron.rng')))
     73
     74
     75 -def stylesheet_params(**kwargs):
     76      """Convert keyword args to a dictionary of stylesheet parameters.
     77      XSL stylesheet parameters must be XPath expressions, i.e.:
     78       * string expressions, like "'5'"
     79       * simple (number) expressions, like "5"
     80       * valid XPath expressions, like "/a/b/text()"
     81      This function converts native Python keyword arguments to stylesheet
     82      parameters following these rules:
     83      If an arg is a string wrap it with XSLT.strparam().
     84      If an arg is an XPath object use its path string.
     85      If arg is None raise TypeError.
     86      Else convert arg to string.
     87      """
     88      result = {}
     89      for key, val in kwargs.items():
     90          if isinstance(val, basestring):
     91              val = _etree.XSLT.strparam(val)
     92          elif val is None:
     93              raise TypeError('None not allowed as a stylesheet parameter')
     94          elif not isinstance(val, _etree.XPath):
     95              val = unicode(val)
     96          result[key] = val
     97      return result
     98
     99
    100  # helper function for use in Schematron __init__
    101 -def _stylesheet_param_dict(paramsDict, kwargsDict):
    102      """Return a copy of paramsDict, updated with kwargsDict entries, wrapped as
    103      stylesheet arguments.
    104      kwargsDict entries with a value of None are ignored.
    105      """
    106      # beware of changing mutable default arg
    107      paramsDict = dict(paramsDict)
    108      for k, v in kwargsDict.items():
    109          if v is not None: # None values do not override
    110              paramsDict[k] = v
    111      paramsDict = stylesheet_params(**paramsDict)
    112      return paramsDict
    113
    114
    115 -class Schematron(_etree._Validator):
    116      """An ISO Schematron validator.
    117
    118      Pass a root Element or an ElementTree to turn it into a validator.
    119      Alternatively, pass a filename as keyword argument 'file' to parse from
    120      the file system.
    121      Built on the Schematron language 'reference' skeleton pure-xslt
    122      implementation, the validator is created as an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet using
    123      these steps:
    124
    125       0) (Extract from XML Schema or RelaxNG schema)
    126       1) Process inclusions
    127       2) Process abstract patterns
    128       3) Compile the schematron schema to XSLT
    129
    130      The ``include`` and ``expand`` keyword arguments can be used to switch off
    131      steps 1) and 2).
    132      To set parameters for steps 1), 2) and 3) hand parameter dictionaries to the
    133      keyword arguments ``include_params``, ``expand_params`` or
    134      ``compile_params``.
    135      For convenience, the compile-step parameter ``phase`` is also exposed as a
    136      keyword argument ``phase``. This takes precedence if the parameter is also
    137      given in the parameter dictionary.
    138      If ``store_schematron`` is set to True, the (included-and-expanded)
    139      schematron document tree is stored and available through the ``schematron``
    140      property.
    141      If ``store_xslt`` is set to True, the validation XSLT document tree will be
    142      stored and can be retrieved through the ``validator_xslt`` property.
    143      With ``store_report`` set to True (default: False), the resulting validation
    144      report document gets stored and can be accessed as the ``validation_report``
    145      property.
    146
    147      Schematron is a less well known, but very powerful schema language.  The main
    148      idea is to use the capabilities of XPath to put restrictions on the structure
    149      and the content of XML documents.  Here is a simple example::
    150
    151        >>> from lxml import isoschematron
    152        >>> schematron = isoschematron.Schematron(etree.XML('''
    153        ... <schema xmlns="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron" >
    154        ...   <pattern id="id_only_attribute">
    155        ...     <title>id is the only permitted attribute name</title>
    156        ...     <rule context="*">
    157        ...       <report test="@*[not(name()='id')]">Attribute
    158        ...         <name path="@*[not(name()='id')]"/> is forbidden<name/>
    159        ...       </report>
    160        ...     </rule>
    161        ...   </pattern>
    162        ... </schema>
    163        ... '''))
    164
    165        >>> xml = etree.XML('''
    166        ... <AAA name="aaa">
    167        ...   <BBB id="bbb"/>
    168        ...   <CCC color="ccc"/>
    169        ... </AAA>
    170        ... ''')
    171
    172        >>> schematron.validate(xml)
    173        0
    174
    175        >>> xml = etree.XML('''
    176        ... <AAA id="aaa">
    177        ...   <BBB id="bbb"/>
    178        ...   <CCC/>
    179        ... </AAA>
    180        ... ''')
    181
    182        >>> schematron.validate(xml)
    183        1
    184      """
    185
    186      # libxml2 error categorization for validation errors
    187      _domain = _etree.ErrorDomains.SCHEMATRONV
    188      _level = _etree.ErrorLevels.ERROR
    189      _error_type = _etree.ErrorTypes.SCHEMATRONV_ASSERT
    190
    191 -    def _extract(self, element):
    192          """Extract embedded schematron schema from non-schematron host schema.
    193          This method will only be called by __init__ if the given schema document
    194          is not a schematron schema by itself.
    195          Must return a schematron schema document tree or None.
    196          """
    197          schematron = None
    198          if element.tag == _xml_schema_root:
    199              schematron = self._extract_xsd(element)
    200          elif element.nsmap[element.prefix] == RELAXNG_NS:
    201              # RelaxNG does not have a single unique root element
    202              schematron = self._extract_rng(element)
    203          return schematron
    204
    205      # customization points
    206      # etree.XSLT objects that provide the extract, include, expand, compile
    207      # steps
    208      _extract_xsd = extract_xsd
    209      _extract_rng = extract_rng
    210      _include = iso_dsdl_include
    211      _expand = iso_abstract_expand
    212      _compile = iso_svrl_for_xslt1
    213      # etree.XPath object that determines input document validity when applied to
    214      # the svrl result report; must return a list of result elements (empty if
    215      # valid)
    216      _validation_errors = svrl_validation_errors
    217
    218 -    def __init__(self, etree=None, file=None, include=True, expand=True,
    219                   include_params={}, expand_params={}, compile_params={},
    220                   store_schematron=False, store_xslt=False, store_report=False,
    221                   phase=None):
    222          super(Schematron, self).__init__()
    223
    224          self._store_report = store_report
    225          self._schematron = None
    226          self._validator_xslt = None
    227          self._validation_report = None
    228
    229          # parse schema document, may be a schematron schema or an XML Schema or
    230          # a RelaxNG schema with embedded schematron rules
    231          try:
    232              if etree is not None:
    233                  if isinstance(etree, _etree._Element):
    234                      root = etree
    235                  else:
    236                      root = etree.getroot()
    237              elif file is not None:
    238                  root = _etree.parse(file).getroot()
    239          except Exception:
    240              raise _etree.SchematronParseError(
    241                  "No tree or file given: %s" % sys.exc_info()[1])
    242          if root is None:
    243               raise ValueError("Empty tree")
    244          if root.tag == _schematron_root:
    245              schematron = root
    246          else:
    247              schematron = self._extract(root)
    248          if schematron is None:
    249              raise _etree.SchematronParseError(
    250                  "Document is not a schematron schema or schematron-extractable")
    251          # perform the iso-schematron skeleton implementation steps to get a
    252          # validating xslt
    253          if include:
    254              schematron = self._include(schematron, **include_params)
    255          if expand:
    256              schematron = self._expand(schematron, **expand_params)
    257          if not schematron_schema_valid(schematron):
    258              raise _etree.SchematronParseError(
    259                  "invalid schematron schema: %s" %
    260                  schematron_schema_valid.error_log)
    261          if store_schematron:
    262              self._schematron = schematron
    263          # add new compile keyword args here if exposing them
    264          compile_kwargs = {'phase': phase}
    265          compile_params = _stylesheet_param_dict(compile_params, compile_kwargs)
    266          validator_xslt = self._compile(schematron, **compile_params)
    267          if store_xslt:
    268              self._validator_xslt = validator_xslt
    269          self._validator = _etree.XSLT(validator_xslt)
    270
    271 -    def __call__(self, etree):
    272          """Validate doc using Schematron.
    273
    274          Returns true if document is valid, false if not.
    275          """
    276          self._clear_error_log()
    277          result = self._validator(etree)
    278          if self._store_report:
    279              self._validation_report = result
    280          errors = self._validation_errors(result)
    281          if errors:
    282              if isinstance(etree, _etree._Element):
    283                  fname = etree.getroottree().docinfo.URL or '<file>'
    284              else:
    285                  fname = etree.docinfo.URL or '<file>'
    286              for error in errors:
    287                  # Does svrl report the line number, anywhere? Don't think so.
    288                  self._append_log_message(
    289                      domain=self._domain, type=self._error_type,
    290                      level=self._level, line=0, message=_etree.tounicode(error),
    291                      filename=fname)
    292              return False
    293          return True
    294
    295 -    def schematron(self):
    296          """ISO-schematron schema document (None if object has been initialized
    297          with store_schematron=False).
    298          """
    299          return self._schematron
    300      schematron = property(schematron, doc=schematron.__doc__)
    301
    302 -    def validator_xslt(self):
    303          """ISO-schematron skeleton implementation XSLT validator document (None
    304          if object has been initialized with store_xslt=False).
    305          """
    306          return self._validator_xslt
    307      validator_xslt = property(validator_xslt, doc=validator_xslt.__doc__)
    308
    309 -    def validation_report(self):
    310          """ISO-schematron validation result report (None if result-storing has
    311          been turned off).
    312          """
    313          return self._validation_report
    314      validation_report = property(validation_report, doc=validation_report.__doc__)
    315