Package lxml :: Package isoschematron |
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# Source Code for Package lxml.isoschematron

      1  """The ``lxml.isoschematron`` package implements ISO Schematron support on top
      2  of the pure-xslt 'skeleton' implementation.
      3  """
      4
      5  import sys
      6  import os.path
      7  from lxml import etree as _etree # due to validator __init__ signature
      8
      9
     10  # some compat stuff, borrowed from lxml.html
     11  try:
     12      bytes
     13  except NameError:
     14      # Python < 2.6
     15      bytes = str
     16  try:
     17      unicode
     18  except NameError:
     19      # Python 3
     20      unicode = str
     21  try:
     22      basestring
     23  except NameError:
     24      # Python 3
     25      basestring = str
     26
     27
     28  __all__ = ['extract_xsd', 'extract_rng', 'iso_dsdl_include',
     29             'iso_abstract_expand', 'iso_svrl_for_xslt1',
     30             'svrl_validation_errors', 'schematron_schema_valid',
     31             'stylesheet_params', 'Schematron']
     32
     33
     34  # some namespaces
     35  #FIXME: Maybe lxml should provide a dedicated place for common namespace
     36  #FIXME: definitions?
     37  XML_SCHEMA_NS = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     38  RELAXNG_NS = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
     39  SCHEMATRON_NS = "http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"
     40  SVRL_NS = "http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/svrl"
     41
     42
     43  # some helpers
     44  _schematron_root = '{%s}schema' % SCHEMATRON_NS
     45  _xml_schema_root = '{%s}schema' % XML_SCHEMA_NS
     46  _resources_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'resources')
     47
     48
     49  # the iso-schematron skeleton implementation steps aka xsl transformations
     50  extract_xsd = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     51      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'XSD2Schtrn.xsl')))
     52  extract_rng = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     53      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'RNG2Schtrn.xsl')))
     54  iso_dsdl_include = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     55      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'iso-schematron-xslt1',
     56                   'iso_dsdl_include.xsl')))
     57  iso_abstract_expand = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     58      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'xsl', 'iso-schematron-xslt1',
     59                   'iso_abstract_expand.xsl')))
     60  iso_svrl_for_xslt1 = _etree.XSLT(_etree.parse(
     61      os.path.join(_resources_dir,
     62                   'xsl', 'iso-schematron-xslt1', 'iso_svrl_for_xslt1.xsl')))
     63
     64
     65  # svrl result accessors
     66  svrl_validation_errors = _etree.XPath(
     67      '//svrl:failed-assert', namespaces={'svrl': SVRL_NS})
     68
     69
     70  # RelaxNG validator for schematron schemas
     71  schematron_schema_valid = _etree.RelaxNG(_etree.parse(
     72      os.path.join(_resources_dir, 'rng', 'iso-schematron.rng')))
     73
     74
     75 -def stylesheet_params(**kwargs):
     76      """Convert keyword args to a dictionary of stylesheet parameters.
     77      XSL stylesheet parameters must be XPath expressions, i.e.:
     78
     79      * string expressions, like "'5'"
     80      * simple (number) expressions, like "5"
     81      * valid XPath expressions, like "/a/b/text()"
     82
     83      This function converts native Python keyword arguments to stylesheet
     84      parameters following these rules:
     85      If an arg is a string wrap it with XSLT.strparam().
     86      If an arg is an XPath object use its path string.
     87      If arg is None raise TypeError.
     88      Else convert arg to string.
     89      """
     90      result = {}
     91      for key, val in kwargs.items():
     92          if isinstance(val, basestring):
     93              val = _etree.XSLT.strparam(val)
     94          elif val is None:
     95              raise TypeError('None not allowed as a stylesheet parameter')
     96          elif not isinstance(val, _etree.XPath):
     97              val = unicode(val)
     98          result[key] = val
     99      return result
    100
    101
    102  # helper function for use in Schematron __init__
    103 -def _stylesheet_param_dict(paramsDict, kwargsDict):
    104      """Return a copy of paramsDict, updated with kwargsDict entries, wrapped as
    105      stylesheet arguments.
    106      kwargsDict entries with a value of None are ignored.
    107      """
    108      # beware of changing mutable default arg
    109      paramsDict = dict(paramsDict)
    110      for k, v in kwargsDict.items():
    111          if v is not None: # None values do not override
    112              paramsDict[k] = v
    113      paramsDict = stylesheet_params(**paramsDict)
    114      return paramsDict
    115
    116
    117 -class Schematron(_etree._Validator):
    118      """An ISO Schematron validator.
    119
    120      Pass a root Element or an ElementTree to turn it into a validator.
    121      Alternatively, pass a filename as keyword argument 'file' to parse from
    122      the file system.
    123      Built on the Schematron language 'reference' skeleton pure-xslt
    124      implementation, the validator is created as an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet using
    125      these steps:
    126
    127       0) (Extract from XML Schema or RelaxNG schema)
    128       1) Process inclusions
    129       2) Process abstract patterns
    130       3) Compile the schematron schema to XSLT
    131
    132      The ``include`` and ``expand`` keyword arguments can be used to switch off
    133      steps 1) and 2).
    134      To set parameters for steps 1), 2) and 3) hand parameter dictionaries to the
    135      keyword arguments ``include_params``, ``expand_params`` or
    136      ``compile_params``.
    137      For convenience, the compile-step parameter ``phase`` is also exposed as a
    138      keyword argument ``phase``. This takes precedence if the parameter is also
    139      given in the parameter dictionary.
    140      If ``store_schematron`` is set to True, the (included-and-expanded)
    141      schematron document tree is stored and available through the ``schematron``
    142      property.
    143      If ``store_xslt`` is set to True, the validation XSLT document tree will be
    144      stored and can be retrieved through the ``validator_xslt`` property.
    145      With ``store_report`` set to True (default: False), the resulting validation
    146      report document gets stored and can be accessed as the ``validation_report``
    147      property.
    148
    149      Schematron is a less well known, but very powerful schema language.  The main
    150      idea is to use the capabilities of XPath to put restrictions on the structure
    151      and the content of XML documents.  Here is a simple example::
    152
    153        >>> from lxml import isoschematron
    154        >>> schematron = isoschematron.Schematron(etree.XML('''
    155        ... <schema xmlns="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron" >
    156        ...   <pattern id="id_only_attribute">
    157        ...     <title>id is the only permitted attribute name</title>
    158        ...     <rule context="*">
    159        ...       <report test="@*[not(name()='id')]">Attribute
    160        ...         <name path="@*[not(name()='id')]"/> is forbidden<name/>
    161        ...       </report>
    162        ...     </rule>
    163        ...   </pattern>
    164        ... </schema>
    165        ... '''))
    166
    167        >>> xml = etree.XML('''
    168        ... <AAA name="aaa">
    169        ...   <BBB id="bbb"/>
    170        ...   <CCC color="ccc"/>
    171        ... </AAA>
    172        ... ''')
    173
    174        >>> schematron.validate(xml)
    175        0
    176
    177        >>> xml = etree.XML('''
    178        ... <AAA id="aaa">
    179        ...   <BBB id="bbb"/>
    180        ...   <CCC/>
    181        ... </AAA>
    182        ... ''')
    183
    184        >>> schematron.validate(xml)
    185        1
    186      """
    187
    188      # libxml2 error categorization for validation errors
    189      _domain = _etree.ErrorDomains.SCHEMATRONV
    190      _level = _etree.ErrorLevels.ERROR
    191      _error_type = _etree.ErrorTypes.SCHEMATRONV_ASSERT
    192
    193 -    def _extract(self, element):
    194          """Extract embedded schematron schema from non-schematron host schema.
    195          This method will only be called by __init__ if the given schema document
    196          is not a schematron schema by itself.
    197          Must return a schematron schema document tree or None.
    198          """
    199          schematron = None
    200          if element.tag == _xml_schema_root:
    201              schematron = self._extract_xsd(element)
    202          elif element.nsmap[element.prefix] == RELAXNG_NS:
    203              # RelaxNG does not have a single unique root element
    204              schematron = self._extract_rng(element)
    205          return schematron
    206
    207      # customization points
    208      # etree.XSLT objects that provide the extract, include, expand, compile
    209      # steps
    210      _extract_xsd = extract_xsd
    211      _extract_rng = extract_rng
    212      _include = iso_dsdl_include
    213      _expand = iso_abstract_expand
    214      _compile = iso_svrl_for_xslt1
    215      # etree.XPath object that determines input document validity when applied to
    216      # the svrl result report; must return a list of result elements (empty if
    217      # valid)
    218      _validation_errors = svrl_validation_errors
    219
    220 -    def __init__(self, etree=None, file=None, include=True, expand=True,
    221                   include_params={}, expand_params={}, compile_params={},
    222                   store_schematron=False, store_xslt=False, store_report=False,
    223                   phase=None):
    224          super(Schematron, self).__init__()
    225
    226          self._store_report = store_report
    227          self._schematron = None
    228          self._validator_xslt = None
    229          self._validation_report = None
    230
    231          # parse schema document, may be a schematron schema or an XML Schema or
    232          # a RelaxNG schema with embedded schematron rules
    233          try:
    234              if etree is not None:
    235                  if isinstance(etree, _etree._Element):
    236                      root = etree
    237                  else:
    238                      root = etree.getroot()
    239              elif file is not None:
    240                  root = _etree.parse(file).getroot()
    241          except Exception:
    242              raise _etree.SchematronParseError(
    243                  "No tree or file given: %s" % sys.exc_info()[1])
    244          if root is None:
    245               raise ValueError("Empty tree")
    246          if root.tag == _schematron_root:
    247              schematron = root
    248          else:
    249              schematron = self._extract(root)
    250          if schematron is None:
    251              raise _etree.SchematronParseError(
    252                  "Document is not a schematron schema or schematron-extractable")
    253          # perform the iso-schematron skeleton implementation steps to get a
    254          # validating xslt
    255          if include:
    256              schematron = self._include(schematron, **include_params)
    257          if expand:
    258              schematron = self._expand(schematron, **expand_params)
    259          if not schematron_schema_valid(schematron):
    260              raise _etree.SchematronParseError(
    261                  "invalid schematron schema: %s" %
    262                  schematron_schema_valid.error_log)
    263          if store_schematron:
    264              self._schematron = schematron
    265          # add new compile keyword args here if exposing them
    266          compile_kwargs = {'phase': phase}
    267          compile_params = _stylesheet_param_dict(compile_params, compile_kwargs)
    268          validator_xslt = self._compile(schematron, **compile_params)
    269          if store_xslt:
    270              self._validator_xslt = validator_xslt
    271          self._validator = _etree.XSLT(validator_xslt)
    272
    273 -    def __call__(self, etree):
    274          """Validate doc using Schematron.
    275
    276          Returns true if document is valid, false if not.
    277          """
    278          self._clear_error_log()
    279          result = self._validator(etree)
    280          if self._store_report:
    281              self._validation_report = result
    282          errors = self._validation_errors(result)
    283          if errors:
    284              if isinstance(etree, _etree._Element):
    285                  fname = etree.getroottree().docinfo.URL or '<file>'
    286              else:
    287                  fname = etree.docinfo.URL or '<file>'
    288              for error in errors:
    289                  # Does svrl report the line number, anywhere? Don't think so.
    290                  self._append_log_message(
    291                      domain=self._domain, type=self._error_type,
    292                      level=self._level, line=0, message=_etree.tounicode(error),
    293                      filename=fname)
    294              return False
    295          return True
    296
    297 -    def schematron(self):
    298          """ISO-schematron schema document (None if object has been initialized
    299          with store_schematron=False).
    300          """
    301          return self._schematron
    302      schematron = property(schematron, doc=schematron.__doc__)
    303
    304 -    def validator_xslt(self):
    305          """ISO-schematron skeleton implementation XSLT validator document (None
    306          if object has been initialized with store_xslt=False).
    307          """
    308          return self._validator_xslt
    309      validator_xslt = property(validator_xslt, doc=validator_xslt.__doc__)
    310
    311 -    def validation_report(self):
    312          """ISO-schematron validation result report (None if result-storing has
    313          been turned off).
    314          """
    315          return self._validation_report
    316      validation_report = property(validation_report, doc=validation_report.__doc__)
    317