## 3.22 `V`: Independent Voltage Source

### 3.22.1 Syntax

`V` xxxxxxx n+ n– value
`V` xxxxxxx n+ n– expression
`.VSOurce` label n+ n– expression

### 3.22.2 Purpose

Independent voltage source.

### 3.22.3 Comments

N+ and n– are the positive and negative element nodes, respectively. Value is the voltage in Volts.
All of the SPICE time dependent functions (`pulse`, `sin`, `exp`, `pwl`, and `sffm` are supported. An additional function `generator` emulates a laboratory type function generator, for a more convenient signal input to the circuit.