# Het Konqueror Handboek

Erwan
Loisant

    erwan@loisant.org

Pamela
Roberts

    pam.roberts@btinternet.com

Editor
Het KDE Team
Ontwikkelaars
Lauri
Watts

    vampyr@atconnex.net

Reviewer
2000
Erwan Loisant, Pamela Roberts
&FDLNotice;
28/08/2000
1.93.2

&Konqueror; is KDE's geavanceerde Bestandsbeheerder, Webbrowser en Document viewer.

KDE
Konqueror
Kdebase
File Manager
Bestandsbeheer
Browser Viewer Bekijker

## Introductie

&Konqueror; is KDE's geavanceerde Bestandsbeheerder, Webbrowser en Document viewer.

Dit document beschrijft &Konqueror; version 1.9.3b uit KDE 1.93 (Beta 4.0).

### &Konqueror; Revisiegeschiedenis

- 1.9.3b

## Installatie

&Konqueror; is onderdeel van het kdebase pakket dat een essentieel onderdeel van KDE is.

Voor instructies over hoe KDE te krijgen, zie http://www.kde.nl

Voor verdere informatie over &Konqueror; zou u http://www.konqueror.org willen bezoeken.

## &Konqueror; Beginselen

Door dit hele document zal het acroniem &LMB; gebruikt worden voor de linker uisknop, &RMB; voor de rechter muisknop, and &MMB; voor de vaak nuttige middelste muisknop. Als uw muis slechts twee knoppen heeft, dan moet het mogelijk zijn om uw systeem in te stellen om een &MMB; te simuleren door beide knoppen op hetzelfde moment in te drukken..

### &Konqueror; starten

U kan &Konqueror; op een aantal manieren starten

- If you have a house shaped icon on the panel or desktop, then &LMB; click on it.

- From the K menu, select System Konqueror.

- Alt F2 will open a "Run Command" dialog box, type `konqueror` (lower case) and press the RUN button.

- Type `konqueror` in a Konsole terminal window.

- From the K menu Internet Konqueror Web Browser to start it in Web browing mode without first showing the contents of your home directory.

&Konqueror; is also started automatically when you &LMB; click on a desktop icon that represents a directory, such as the Trash icon, or a URL.

If you are used to having to double-click to perform an action, then take care, because in common with the rest of KDE, &Konqueror; defaults to single-clicking.

### The Parts of Konqueror

A brief look at the main parts of &Konqueror;'s window:

Here's a screenshot of &Konqueror;

The Titlebar is the strip across the top of Konqueror"s window, and operates in the same way as for other KDE applications. &RMB; on the central portion brings up the neat Titlebar &RMB; menu which, among other features, lets you change Konqueror's appearance (decoration).

The Menubar is the strip containing the names of the drop-down menus. &LMB; click on a name to alternately show and hide that menu, or you can use Alt + the underlined letter in the name as a hot key, for example Alt E to show the &Edit; menu. The various menus are described in the Menubar section of this document.

The Toolbar contains icons for commonly used operations. Hover the mouse pointer over an icon to see a brief description of what that icon does, &LMB; click will activate the icon. &RMB; on a clear area of the Toolbar to bring up the Toolbar &RMB; Menu which will let you change the appearance and position of the Toolbar.

The Locationbar shows the path to the directory, URL or file being viewed. You can type a path or URL here and press Enter to go to it.

The Bookmarkbar is the area under the Locationbar in the previous screenshot. You can add frequently used bookmarks here

The Window is the main area of &Konqueror; and can show you the contents of a directory, a web page, or a document. Using the &Window; menu you can split &Konqueror;'s main window into one or more separate views, useful for drag and drop operations.

The Status Bar runs across the bottom of the window and gives general information about whatever the mouse pointer is hovering over. If you have split the main window into a number of view then you will get an Status Bar for each view, and it will include a small light at the left hand end to show which is the "active" view. &RMB; on the Status Bar brings up the Status Bar &RMB; Menu.

Don't worry if your &Konqueror; doesn't look exactly like this screenshot, it is highly configurable and there is no "standard" way of setting it up. In particular:

- You can use the &Settings; menu to choose whether to show or hide the Menubar, Toolbar, Locationbar and Bookmarkbar.

- You can also "flatten" the Toolbar, Locationbar and Bookmarkbar by &LMB; clicking on the vertical lines at the left hand end of the bars or move them around by &LMB; dragging these bars.

For more details of how to change &Konqueror;'s appearence, see the Configuring &Konqueror; section

### Bubble Help and What's This ?

You can find out a lot about how &Konqueror; works without needing to read this entire document if you take advantage of the Bubble Help and What's This ? features.

Bubble Help means that if you hover the mouse pointer over a Toolbar button it should bring up a terse description of what that button does.

What's This ? is invoked by the Menubar Help What's This ? item, by the Shift F1 hotkey, or by just &LMB; clicking on the question mark near the top right hand corner of a window, and changes the cursor to show a question mark alongside the arrow.

When this question mark is visible, a &LMB; click won't actually do anything until you have clicked on a control (or the text alongside it) which supports What's This ?, in which case it will display a reasonably comprehensive description of what the control is supposed to do. Most of the dialog boxes that &Konqueror; brings up support the What's This ? feature.

### &LMB; and &MMB; Actions

&LMB; click on an item in &Konqueror;'s window and it will be "activated". Thus

- &LMB; click on an icon in the Toolbar to do whatever that icon is supposed to do.

&LMB; click on an item in the Menubar to make that menu drop down. &LMB; click on a menu item to do that thing. &LMB; click on a link in a web page will make &Konqueror; follow that link. &LMB; click on a directory icon or name and &Konqueror; will descend into (show the contents of) that directory &LMB; click on a file name or icon and &Konqueror; will do whatever it thinks appropriate, based on the file type. In general this means opening HTML pages, or previewing text, image or Koffice files, embedding then within &Konqueror;'s window. ("Preview" means that you can see the file but not change it).

&Konqueror; decides what the file type is by matching the filename extension against against a list of known types. If that fails it tries to guess the type from the file contents. You can change the list of known file types and associated actions and add new types, see the section File Types and Associations.

&MMB; on a file or directory name or icon does essentially the same as &LMB; except that it does it in a new &Konqueror; window.

To see what &RMB; does, see the section RMB Menus.

### &RMB; Menus

Holding the &RMB; down over almost any part of &Konqueror;'s window will bring up an appropriate menu.

Titlebar RMB Menu

  &RMB; on any free area of the Titlebar brings up the Titlebar Menu, allowing you to control the position of &Konqueror;'s window as well as the decoration applied to all KDE program windows.

Toolbar RMB Menu

  &RMB; on any free area of the Toolbar to bring up the Toolbar Menu. You can use it to control whether the Toolbar is at the top, bottom, left or right of &Konqueror's window or is a separate floating object. You can also use the Toolbar Menu to set the size of the buttons on the Toolbar, and whether they are shown as icons, text or both.

Bookmarkbar RMB Menu

  If you have the Bookmarkbar showing, then &RMB; on any free part of it to bring up the Bookmarkbar Menu which lets you change its position and whether items are shown as text, icons, or both.

View RMB Menu

  If you &RMB; on any free area of a view then you will get this menu, which contains the Up, Back, Forward and Reload navigation commands as well as the "Create new" option from the &Edit; menu.

File RMB Menu

  This is a most useful feature, as &RMB; on the name or icon of any file or directory not only "selects" that item but also brings up a menu allowing you to Cut, Copy or Remove the item in various ways, add it to your &Bookmarks;, open it with the program of your choice or preview it, or edit the file type or properties.

Status Bar RMB Menu

  &RMB; on the Status Bar at the bottom of a window or view, to add or remove a view within &Konqueror;'s window.

## Konqueror the File Manager

In Linux all directories are arranged in a simple inverted tree structure descending and branching down from from a single top level "root" directory. This means that you can get from any directory to any other by going "up" until you reach a common point then "down" through the appropriate sub-directories until you reach your target.

The position of any file or directory in the tree can be described by its "path", which is a simple list of the directories you would have to descend through to get to the target directory. For example `/home/pam` is the subdirectory "`pam`" of the subdirectory "`home`" of the top level directory, which is represented by the leading"/"

Note that every accessible drive on your system, including your floppy and cdrom, will appear in the tree descending from /. Their exact paths will depend on how your system was set up, but will usually be something like `/mnt/floppy` and `/mnt/cdrom`. See also the section on Mounting Your Floppy or CDROM

### Navigation

&Konqueror; is basically a file manager, and as such will display the names of the files and sub-directories held in a directory. The "path" of the directory you are looking at is shown in the Titlebar and also in the Locationbar.

Sub-directories are usually displayed with an icon that looks a little like a folder, although some special directories, such as `Trash` and `Desktop`, may have different, distinctive, icons. Files have their own icons, which may indicate what type of file it is - or at least what &Konqueror; thinks it is.

You can "select" a file or sub-directory by using the keyboard arrow keys to move through the displayed items. The appearance of the selected item will change and some information about it will be displayed in the Status Bar.

To move between directories you can simply step up and down the tree

- To descend into a sub-directory &LMB; click on its name or icon, or if you have "selected" it then just press Enter.

- To go up the directory tree, &LMB; click on the Up button in the Toolbar, or use Ctrl Uparrow, or use the Menubar &Go;->Up option.

You can also go directly to any directory by typing its path into the Locationbar window or into the dialog box invoked by the Menubar &Location;->Open Location item or by CTRL O. Don't forget that in Linux file and directory names are case sensitive, although WWW URLs may not be.

Once you have moved to a new directory then you can go back to your previous choice by using the Toolbar Back button, the Menubar &Go;Back item, or Ctrl LeftArrow.

Once you have gone back you can go forward. Use the Toolbar Forward button, the Menubar &Go;->Forward item or Ctrl RightArrow.

Holding the &LMB; pressed while the mouse pointer is over the Toolbar Up, Back or Forward buttons brings up a menu of recently visited locations.

The Directory Tree View

If you want a better view of the directory structure, then the Menubar &Window;->Show Directory Tree option splits the window into two views as shown above.

The left hand view only shows directories and is arranged as three trees; one descending from your Home directory, one named "Network" and one from the Root directory. The right hand view shows the contents of the selected directory. For this screenshot the Menubar &View;View Mode... and &View;Show details... options have been used to get a text listing rather than an Icon based view.

When &Konqueror; is showing more than one view, there will be a small box at the bottom right of eack view. &LMB; clicking on the box toggles an almost invisibly small icon on and off. Views showing this icon are linked so that a change of directory in one view makes the other view change to the new directory. In this way selecting any directory in the Directory Tree view will automatically show the directory contents in the other view.

To navigate through the items in the Directory Tree view using your mouse;

- &LMB; click on a + symbol to show any subdirectories..

- To collapse a sub-tree &LMB; click on the - symbol.

- Once you can see the wanted directory, &LMB; click on its name or icon to open it in the other window.

Or, once you have selected an item in the Directory Tree view, you can navigate from the keyboard;

- Use the Up and Down Arrow keys to move up and down the displayed directories.

- The Right Arrow key will descend into a directory.

- The Left Arrow key to collapse a sub-directory.

- Once you have reached the wanted directory then Enter will open it in the other view.

The "Home Directory" shown in the Directory Tree view is actually your personal home directory, which will have a path such as `/home/pam2` if your username is "pam2".

The "Root" directory has the path "`/`", and is the base directory of your system's local files. If you expand the "Root" directory you will find another directory called "root". This belongs to the system administrator or Super User and is her home directory. You will also find a directory called "home", in which you should be able to find your own "Home" directory again.

The "Network" directory holds details of files or web pages you can reach over your network (if you are connected to one).

#### Finding Files and Directories

If you don't know or can't remember where a file or directory is within your system, then use the Toolbar Find File button or the Menubar &Tools;->Find File option to launch Kfind.

Kfind a file

#### Hidden (dot) Files

If the name of a file or directory begins with a period (dot), then it is a "hidden" file or directory, and will not normally be shown by &Konqueror;.

To see the hidden files or sub-directories use the Menubar &View;->Show Hidden Files option.

#### Mounting Your Floppy or CDROM

Linux requires that you "`mount`" a floppy disk or CDROM when you have inserted it into the drive, so that Linux can see what's on it. You also need to "unmount" it before removong the disk so Linux can register that it is no longer available.

How you do this will depend on how your system was set up:

- You may have an "Automount" facility, in which case you don't have to bother about explicitly mounting and unmounting, although you may find that the CDROM occasionally starts up by itself for no apparent reason.

- You may have Floppy and CDROM icons on your desktop, in which case &LMB; click on the icon to mount a disk. To unmount &RMB; on the icon and choose the Unmount item.

- Or you can do it the traditional way by typing into a text console window:

      mount /mnt/floppy

  to mount, for example, the floppy drive, and

      umount /mnt/floppy

  to unmount it. (Note; type "`umount`" not "`unmount`")

### Deleting Files and Directories

&Konqueror; gives you three ways to dispose of an unwanted file or directory;

- You can move it to the `Trash` directory, which is the safest method as you can get it back when you realise that you have made a mistake.

- You can just plain Delete it, which just removes the entry from the directory and adds the disk area occupied by the file(s) to the system's list of free disk areas.

- Or you can Shred it, which is like Delete, but also overwrites the disk area occupied by the file(s) with random data. Useful for disposing of incriminating departmental memos or similar files when you don't want any trace of them to remain on your system.

The simplest way of removing a file or directory is to position the mouse pointer over its name or icon then press the &RMB;, which will bring up a menu containing the options "Move to Trash", "Delete" and "Shred".

Or, if you have "selected" the item, then the Menubar &Edit; menu will give you the choice of "Move to Trash", "Delete" and "Shred" options.

Del will move a selected item or items to Trash.

Shift Del will really, truly and irrevocably delete the selected item or items.

Ctrl Shift Del will shred the selected item or items.

You won't be able to remove a file or directory if you don't have the necessary permissions, see the section on Super User Mode for further details.

### Moving and Copying

To copy a file or sub-directory between directories you can;

- Position the mouse pointer over its name or icon and hold down the &RMB;, which will bring up a menu containing the "Copy" option. Choose that.

  Or if the item is "selected" then you can use the Copy button on the Toolbar or the Menubar &Edit;->Copy item, or the Ctrl C hotkey.

- Navigate to the directory you want to copy the item into then Paste the item into the new directory by using the Toolbar Paste button or the Menubar &Edit;Paste option or the Ctrl V hotkey, or by moving the mouse pointer to a clear area of the window and holding the &RMB; down to bring up a menu containing the Paste option.

For some reason, Paste does not work in Tree View, Detailed List View or Text View modes.

Moving a file or sub-directory between directories can be done in the same way as copying, except that you choose the "Cut" option or Ctrl X instead of "Copy". The item that you have "Cut" will be removed from the original directory when you do the "Paste".

You may not be able to copy or move a file or directory if you don't have the necessary permissions, see the section on Super User Mode for further details.

#### Using Drag 'n Drop

&Konqueror; also supports Drag and Drop copying and moving of files and directories.

If you have set up &Konqueror; to show the Directory Tree View as described in a previous section, then:

1. Make sure the two views are not linked (the small boxes at the bottom right of each view should be empty, &LMB; click on one of them if they not empty).

2. Navigate through the Directory Tree View so that you can see the directory you want to copy or move into.

3. Set the main view to show the item you wish to copy or move. Position the mouse pointer over its name or icon then, holding the &LMB; pressed, "drag" it over to the Directory Tree view and position the mouse pointer over the target directory. Release the &LMB; and you will be presented with a menu choice of Copy or Move.

You can also set up &Konqueror; to show more than one directory and drag & drop between them.

Split Views for Drag & Drop

For this screenshot we have used the Menubar &Window; Split View Left/Right option, also available with the hotkey Ctrl Shift L, to split the main &Konqueror; window into two views, each showing the contents of a different directory.

With this arrangement it is easy to drag and drop between the directories, but take care to "drop" the item into an empty area of the target directory view - dropping it on top of another file name or icon can cause problems.

When the window is split into two (or more) views it is usually best to make sure that they are not linked - the little boxes at the bottom right of each view should be empty.

The "active" view, that is the one whose path is shown in the Locationbar and which responds to navigation and Menubar commands, is shown by the little green light in the bottom left corner. To make a view active &LMB; click on an empty area of the view or on its Status Bar.

To remove an active view from &Konqueror;'s window use the Ctrl Shift R hotkey, or the Menubar &Window; Remove Active View option, or &RMB; on the Status Bar and choose the "Remove Active View" option from the resulting menu.

You can also drag and drop between different instances of &Konqueror;.

### Selecting Multiple Files

You sometimes want to delete, copy or move a number of files that are similar in some way. For example you may wish to move all of the .png graphics files from one directory to another. &Konqueror; makes this easy by letting you select multiple files based on similarities in their file names.

Use the Menubar &Edit;Select... item or the hotkey Ctrl+ . This brings up a little dialog box in which you enter a filename containing the wildcard characters * , which matches any number of characters, and ? which matches a single character. Press OK and &Konqueror; will highlight all files with matching names. For example;

- "`flag*.png`" will select all filenames starting with the letters "flag" and ending with "`.png`".

- "`memo?.txt`" will select "`memo1.txt`" and "`memo9.txt`" but not "`memo99.txt`"

When you have selected a range of files, you can narrow down the selection by uing the Menubar &Edit; Unselect... option or Ctrl- to specify which of the selected files should be removed from the selection.

Use Ctrl U or the Menubar &Edit; Unselect All option or just &LMB; click on a clear area of the view to cancel the selection(s).

You can even invert the selection, that is deselect all selected files and select those that were previously unselected. Use the Menubar &Edit; Invert Selection option or Ctrl* to do this.

Once you have selected the right files then the normal delete, copy or move commands will act on all of the selected files at once.

Depending on your keyboard type and locale, you will probably find that the Ctrl+, Ctrl- and Ctrl* hotkeys only work with the Numeric keypad +, - and * keys.

### Creating New Files and Directories

To create a new file or directory select the Menubar &Edit; Create New... option, or &RMB; on a clear area of the view to bring up the View &RMB; menu and select "Create new ". Or you can use the Create new button in the Toolbar. Select "Directory", "Text File" or "HTML File" as appropriate and enter the name of your new file or directory into the little dialog box.

### Changing the Name and Permissions

To change the name or permissions of a file or directory &RMB; on its name or icon and select the "Properties..." item. Or, if you have "selected" the file or directory, then you can use the Menubar &Edit; Properties option.

This will bring up the Properties dialog box which has two tabs;

- "General", which gives you some information about the item and lets you change its name and, for a directory, the associated icon.

- "Permissions", which shows you the item"s ownership and access permissions and lets you change the permissions.

#### Super User Mode

If you are running as a normal user and try to access files outside of your own home directory you will often be prevented from doing so and get an error message such as "Access Denied".

To access these files you need to be logged in as the system administrator, often known as the Super User or "root".

Rather than logging out then in again, you can launch &Konqueror; from the K Menu in Super User Mode. You will be asked for the "root" login password but as long as you can provide that &Konqueror; will be started up with full access privileges to all files on your system.

Take care. As Super User (root), you have complete control of your system, and a wrong command can easily do irrevocable damage.

Also, connecting to the internet as root is an extremely bad idea, as it seriously increases your vulnerability to hacking.

### At the Command Line

Although &Konqueror; is a very powerful and flexible GUI file manager, there are occasions when the experienced Linux user wants to get down to the basics and work at the text command line level.

She could, of course, open an instance of Konsole, perhaps with &Konqueror;'s Menubar Tools Open Terminal option.

But &Konqueror; has yet another nice feature here, the Menubar Window Show Terminal Emulator option opens up a terminal window as a new view within &Konqueror;, and as long as the link icon is visible at the bottom right corner of each view, the terminal will follow any directory changes you make in the normal file manager view.

Including the terminal emulator

### Sharing Data With Win 9x/NT Boxes

On a LAN (Local Area Network), MS Windows machines can share directories or devices such as printers with each other. The protocol used by Microsoft for this is called SMB, standing for Server Block Message.

If you're on a LAN where Windows machines are also connected with SMB, you may want to access them using this system. You're lucky, because &Konqueror; is able to do this.

The first thing to do is to configure KDE to tell it which machine you want to access. This is done with the KDE Control Center, Network Windows Shares option. Read the KControl documentation for more information.

Once this configuration is done, you can easily browse the Neighborhood. There are two ways to access to SMB shared resources:

1. Check "Show Directory Tree" in the &Window; menu, then browse the "Network Windows Shares" item.

2. Directly type the URL of the machine: `smb://WORKGROUP/MACHINE/` or simply `smb://MACHINE` into the Locationbar.

In the SMB sharing system, a Workgroup is a group of machines. Belonging to one Workgroup or another does not affect the rights system.

Browsing my mother's machine

In the screenshot above, "Urizen" is my own Linux box and "Luvah" is my mother's Windows PC. Both belong to the "Farmer" workgroup. On the Luvah system, there are two shared folders:

1. FRANCOISE: This folder contains my mother's work files. It is shared as read only, that means that nobody can create, modify or delete files from a distant machine.

2. PUBLIC: In this folder, shared as read & write, everyone on the local network is allowed to create or modify files. That folder is used to give files easily to Luvah's user.

KDE itself does not provide a SMB server. If you want to share your own files with Windows users, you must install a Samba server. This requires Super-User rights and a few "command line Linux" operations.

Samba may be provided with your Linux distribution, otherwise see http://www.samba.org for download and installation instructions.

## Konqueror the Web Browser

Browsing www.konqueror.org

### Connecting to the Internet

Once you are connected to the Internet you can use &Konqueror; to browse the Web just as easily as you can use it to handle your local files. Just type a URL into the Locationbar window, press Enter, and you are away !

- If you use a dial-up modem connection, then you will be using Kppp or a similar dialler program to make the connection.

- If your machine is connected to a local area network (LAN) that gives you a proxy connection to the Internet then you will have to set &Konqueror; up for the proxy connection as described in the Proxy Configuration section.

- If you are lucky enough to have a high speed cable connection, then the service provider will probably give you an external cable modem which needs an ethernet connection to your machine. Unfortunately the details of how to establish the connection depend on the service provider and to some extent on which Linux distribution you are using. Some ISPs connect their customers to the Internet through a proxy server, in which case see the Proxy Configuration section of this document. You may find it useful to search the archives of your distribution's user group mailing list for help.

An error message such as "`Unknown Host`" usually means that &Konqueror; cannot find a connection to the Internet or that you have entered an incorrect url.

### Surfing and Searching

Once you have a connection to the Internet, then you can surf with &Konqueror; just as you can with any other browser. Type a URL into the Locationbar window, press Enter, and &Konqueror; will download and display that page.

- LMB click on a link in the page to go there.

- To open a link in a new instance of &Konqueror;, leaving the old page still visible, then &RMB; on the link and select the "New View" option.

You can also select the multiple view mode with Ctrl Shift L or the Menubar &Window; Split View Left/Right option which will let you see different pages at the same time. This can be useful if you are looking through a complicated set of pages such as this document, but make sure the little link box at the bottom right hand corner is empty when you are doing this.

- To go back to the previous page use the Ctrl Left Arrow hotkey, the Back button on the Toolbar, or the Menubar &Go; Back option, just as you do when navigating through your own files.

- Similarly, once you have gone back you can go forward by using Ctrl Right Arrow, the Forward button, or the Menubar &Go; Forward option.

If you want to stop the download for any reason then use the Esc key, the Toolbar Stop button or the Menubar &View; Stop item.

When you are viewing a web page you should see two new icons in the Toolbar, looking like magnifying glasses with small + and - symbols. Use these to adjust the size of the text in the page if you find it difficult to read.

Some people seem to spend more time searching for a web page than actually reading it. Do you know that you can just type the subject you are looking for into the Locationbar window, and &Konqueror; will automatically submit it to one of the Web search engines? Try it by entering the name of your home town.

To change the default search engine that &Konqueror; uses, select the Menubar &Settings;->Configure->Internet Keywords... option to bring up the Internet Keywords dialog box, pick a new one from the Search Fallback drop-down menu and press the Apply button. This dialog box also shows you shortcut names for various search engines, so that if, say, Altavista is not the default site but you want to use it to search for "&Konqueror;" you can just type `altavista:konqueror` or `av:konqueror` into the Locationbar.

If you get a "Malformed URL" error message when using this automatic search facility then visit the &Settings;->Configure ->Internet Keywords... dialog box, make sure that the Enable Internet Keywords box is checked then press the Apply button.

### Using Bookmarks

Although you can use &Konqueror;'s bookmarks to record the locations of your own files and directories, they are most useful when you are surfing the Web, letting you build up a list of useful sites.

- To open the &Bookmarks; drop-down list you may either &LMB; click on the Menubar &Bookmarks; item, or use the Alt B hotkey. Once the list is visible, you can navigate through it with the arrow keys or with your mouse, then press Enter or &LMB; click to visit the selected location.

- To add a new item to the list use the Menubar &Bookmarks; Add Bookmark item or Ctrl B when you are viewing the web page.

You can organize and categorize your list of bookmarks by adding subdirectories using the Menubar &Bookmarks; New Folder item.

Your bookmarks are saved as `.desktop` files in a normal directory, which you can open with the Menubar &Bookmarks; Edit Bookmarks item to delete any unwanted bookmark or move it to a subdirectory. You can also change the displayed name by selecting it in the Bookmarks directory with &RMB;, picking File Properties from the drop-down menu and modifying the name in the General tab page. Whatever new name you choose must end with `.desktop`.

If you are also using Netscape, then a Netscape Bookmarks folder will automatically be added to &Konqueror;'s bookmark list so you can use your Netscape bookmarks in &Konqueror;.

If you have chosen to include a Bookmarkbar in &Konqueror;'s window, then the drop-down menu will also include an entry for the Bookmark Toolbar, allowing you to add new entries or subdirectories. You will find the Bookmarkbar links in the subdirectory "`Toolbar`" of the normal Bookmarks directory.

If you have a dual-boot Linux/Windows system, then Internet Explorer's File Import and Export Export Favorites option will create a `.htm` file containing links to your IE favourites. From within &Konqueror; you can then, as long as you have access to the Windows partition, find that file and add it to your bookmarks. In this way you can access all of your old IE favourites.

### Saving and Printing Web Items

When you are viewing a web page you can save it (or at least the basic html or similar source text) to your local disk with the Menubar &View; Save As... item. If the page you are viewing uses frames, then you will also be given the &View; Save Frame As... option.

If the page uses a background image, then you can get and save that with the Menubar &View; Save Background Image As... option.

But if what you really want is that glorious picture of the latest Ferrari, then &RMB; on the image will give you a drop-down menu with a Save Image As... option.

Be sure to respect the owners copyright, and ask for permission before using any pictures saved this way for anything other than your own viewing pleasure.

Printing a copy of the page you are viewing is easily done with the Menubar &View; Print option, with Ctrl P or with the Toolbar Print button.

### FTP

FTP, or File Transfer Protocol, is one of the the earliest, and still perhaps the best, way of transferring files between computers over the Internet.

With FTP you can see files and directories on the distant computer just as if they were on your own system, download them onto your computer using &Konqueror;'s normal Copy and Paste or Drag 'n Drop methods, and, if allowed, upload files from your machine to the other computer's filesystem. To try it, type the url

    ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde

into the Locationbar and press Enter.As long as you are connected to the Internet, and as long as the KDE's ftp site is not too busy, you should end up seeing the `/pub/kde` directory at ftp.kde.org

Although, strictly speaking, FTP url's should be entered starting with `ftp://` and WWW urls starting with `http://` &Konqueror; is usually smart enough to figure out what is meant, and insert these characters for you if you leave them out.

When you access an ftp site it will usually need some form of username and password from you. To simplify things, most ftp sites that offer files for free downloading will accept the word "`anonymous`" as a username and your email address as a password, and to make your life even easier &Konqueror; will automatically supply these without troubling you.

Sites that are more concerned with security will need a proper username and password, in which case &Konqueror; will ask you for them or you can include them in the url you type into the Locationbar, as for example

    ftp://username:password@ftp.cia.org

If you do this, then note the way that &Konqueror; hides the password as soon as you press Enter, to protect your privacy.

### Java & Javascript

Hypermedia pages may contain dynamic content, such as Javascript or Java. You can (de)activate these modules in the &Settings; Configure Browser... Java/JavaScript tab page.

Javascript is a small script language that add animation to html pages. Web site designer often use Javascript, so you should check this option unless you notice unstability because of it.

Java is a full featured language sometimes used on the web to provide embedded applets. You should check this option unless &Konqueror; crashes on Java applets. The "Show Java Console" option is useful for Java developers.

You need a working Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to use Java in &Konqueror;: you can use the Sun JVM which is the standard one (see http://java.sun.com. for information and download) or Kaffe (http://www.kaffe.org) a virtual machine distributed under the terms of the General Public License.

### Miscellaneous Browser Features

- &RMB; press on a link and choose Copy Link Location. This copies the url to the clipboard so you can then paste it into, say, an e-mail to a friend telling her about this wonderful new site.

- The Menubar &View; View Document Source or &View; View Frame Source options load the source code for the page or frame into a text editor.

- The little icon at the left of the Locationbar clears the Locationbar window when you &LMB; click on it. This can be very useful when you want to copy a URL from a text document such as an email, which you can do by simply;

  Highlighting the URL by dragging the mouse pointer across it with &LMB; pressed. This is the standard Linux/Unix way of copying text.

  &LMB; clicking on the icon to clear the location window.

  Moving the cursor into the location window and &MMB; clicking to paste the URL there. This is the standard Linux/Unix way of doing a text paste.

## Configuring Konqueror

In common with the rest of KDE, &Konqueror; is highly configurable, so you can really get the look and feel that best fits your needs and wishes.

### Tuning Konqueror's Look

The basic look of &Konqueror; is homogenous with the rest of KDE, so if you want to change the look of &Konqueror; you have to change the whole of KDE's appearance. See the documentation of KControl for that, or if you just want to change the window's frame and button style then &RMB; on the Titlebar and choose the Decoration option.

However, you can change the font and some color options with the appearance tabs of the dialog boxes you get by selecting :

- &Settings; Configure File Manager...

- or &Settings; Configure Browser...

For the File Manager and the Web Browser respectively.

### Changing Bars

When KDE is newly installed, &Konqueror;'s window contains a Menubar, a Toolbar, a Locationbar and possibly a Bookmarkbar.

- Maybe you don't need all these bars. To hide one of them, go in &Settings;"Show whateveryouwant" and uncheck its box. To show a hidden bar, just check the box.

- On the left hand end of each bar you can see some vertical lines. By &LMB; clicking on them, you "flatten" the bar, meaning that it is hidden but can be quickly restored by &LMB; clicking on the now horizontal lines.

- You can also drag the bars and make them float by dragging these lines.

- If you &RMB; click on the Toolbar or Bookmarkbar, you will get a menu to configure this bar. You can choose the orientation, text position and icon size

If you hide the Menubar, you won't be able to access the &Settings; menu! To restore it, &RMB; on the view and check "Show Menubar".

#### Toolbar Configuration

The contents and position of Toolbars can be configured with the Menubar &Settings; Configure Toolbars option, which brings up the "Configure Toolbars" Dialog Box.

Configuring toolbars

Here you can change buttons. For example, let's suppose I don't need the "Back" and "Forward" buttons but I would like to add some more icons to the Toolbar.

By clicking on an action in the right hand box (Current actions:) and clicking the left arrow in the center, I remove that action from the Toolbar. By clicking on an action in the left hand box and clicking on the right arrow, I add the action to the Toolbar.

Note that you can rearrange the position of buttons in the Toolbar by clicking on the up and down arrow buttons.

### File Types and Associations

What &Konqueror; does when you click on a file name or icon is determined by the file type and the list of actions that &Konqueror; keeps for the various file types and can be changed to suit your taste or to add a new file type.

&RMB; on a text file and select the Edit File Type item. This will bring up a dialog box.

Edit File Type dialog, General tab

Under the General tab, the Application Preference Order section defines what appears in the Open With menu for this type of file. You can change these applications and their order. You can also change the icon that &Konqueror; uses for this file type by &LMB; on the icon, and you can add the extensions (Filename Patterns) for any other types of file that you want to be handled in the same way.

&Konqueror; is clever enough to recognise most plain text files and treat them as such even though they don't have the `.txt` extension.

The Embedding (which actually refers to the Preview) tab page controls what happens when you &LMB; click on a filename.

File types are divided into several groups; application, audio, image, inode, message, text and video.

&Konqueror; can be configured to associate any file type with an installed application.

For example, the Targa image type doesn't exist in &Konqueror;, if you have such a file on your disk, it will have a question mark as an icon. If you &LMB click on it, &Konqueror; will ask you which application you want to use. You could just type in the name of a suitable application each time you select a Targa file, but the best approach is to tell &Konqueror; what to do with a Targa image.

Let's add the Targa mime type to &Konqueror;.

1. Open the &Settings; Configure File Association... dialog box.

2. Click on the Add... button at the lower left, this will bring up a little dialog box..

3. Select "Image" in the Group Drop Down Box, type "`Targa`" in the Type name Text Box, and press OK.

   Adding the Targa type, step 2

4. Now have a look at the upper right hand corner of the File Associations Dialog Box. Click on the icon and choose a nice one, here the best seems to be the "image" icon. In the "Filename Patterns" Text Box, add the patterns `*.tga` and `*.TGA` by clicking on the upper right "Add..." button. It means that every file with the .tga or .TGA (case is important) extension will now be considered as a Targa image.

5. &Konqueror; now knows what a Targa file is, but it doesn't know what to do with it. We need to tell &Konqueror; which application to launch to view a Targa file. At the lower right hand corner in the "Application Preference Order" area, click on the Add... button bring up the following Dialog Box.

   Adding the Targa type, step 3

6. You can choose an application from the "Known Applications" List Box, but as we want to use Gimp which is not listed, type `gimp` into the Add Application box.

7. Gimp is a really nice but it is big and not designed for quick viewing. Click once more on the "Add... button at the lower right hand corner of the File Associations Dialog Box to bring up the little Application Dialog Box, and in the "Add Application" Text Box, type `xv` or the name of any other suitable application you can have on your system.

8. Now you have two application in the list. The first one will be the default application, you can arrange them as you prefer with the Move Up and Move Down buttons. You should choose an application for quick viewing as the default application.

All Targa files will now be recognized.

### Plugins

Currently, &Konqueror; supports Netscape 4.x plugins.

When KDE starts up, it looks in the following directories for `.so` files containing plugin code.

- `/usr/local/netscape/plugins`
- `/opt/netscape/plugins`
- `/opt/netscape/communicator/plugins`
- `/usr/lib/netscape/plugins`
- `$HOME/.netscape/plugins`
- `$MOZILLA_HOME/plugins`
- `$NPX_PLUGIN_PATH`

It examines every plugin to find out which MIME types the plugin supports. It then creates MIME type definitions for KDE in the user's

      ~/.kde/share/mimelnk

directory to make other applications aware of the new mime types.

The result is that when you &LMB; click on a file with a mime type supported by one of your Netscape plugins &Konqueror; should display it correctly.

You can install new Netscape plugins such as Macromedia Flash in the directories mentioned above.

### Proxy Configuration

The Proxies dialog box is invoked with the Menubar &Settings; Configure Proxies... option.

The Proxies Configuration dialog box

A "proxy" connection to the Internet is one that is made through another machine, usually a LAN (Local Area Network) server, and can give you improved security by separating the computers connected to the local network from the wide open world of the Internet itself. A proxy server can also cache downloaded files to give you faster access to recent downloads.

Proxy servers are traditionally associated with a local intranet within an organisation, but are now also used by some Cable Network ISPs who connect their customers living near to each other onto a local area network to improve the overall average performance of the cable network.

If you are on a LAN, the proxy is perhaps the only way you can connect to the web, in which case you need to ask your system administrator or ISP for connection details.

1. To configure &Konqueror; to work with your proxy server, open the Proxies Configuration dialog box, check "Use Proxy" and fill the fields according what your system administrator or ISP has told you.

2. Of course, the proxy shouldn't be used to access a machine on your local network. So, in the "No Proxy for:" field, type the names of local machines on your network separated by commas. This is usually the domain name of your ISP or your company. For example, if you're on the Ireste school network, you would type "`ireste.fr, intranet`", "intranet" being the machine where the intranet web server is located. This is important if you are on a LAN because the proxy won't find the internal machines.

The "Use Cache" option is not really a proxy option. It allows you to choose to store (cache) downloaded pages on your local disk so they need not be downloaded again the next time you access them. We advise you to use this option (whether you use a proxy or not) unless you are short of disk space in your home directory.

## Command Reference

### The Menubar

#### Alt L Location

Ctrl N Location New Window

  Open another &Konqueror; window. .

Ctrl D Location Duplicate Window

  Open another &Konqueror; window, duplicating the current one.

Ctrl O Location Open Location

  Open a directory or file by entering its path (for example `/home/pam` or `/home/pam/fred.txt`) in a simple dialog box.

Ctrl Q Location Quit

  Close down &Konqueror;

#### Alt E Edit

Most items in the Edit menu can also be found in the View &RMB; Menu.

Ctrl Z Edit Undo

  Sometimes lets you reverse a mistaken action.

Ctrl X Edit Cut

  Puts selected item(s) into the clipboard, a Paste will then remove the item(s) from the original location.

Ctrl C Edit Copy

  Copy selected item(s) to the clipboard.

Ctrl V Edit Paste

  Paste item(s) from clipboard to the currently viewed directory.

Ctrl Del Edit Move to Trash

  Move selected item(s) to the Trash directory.

Ctrl Shift Del Edit Delete

  Delete the selected item(s).

Edit Shred

  Shred the selected item(s).

Edit Create new

  Create a URL, Floppy or CDROM device link, Application, Directory, File or File System Device.

Edit Edit File Type..

  Open the Edit File Type dialog box

Edit Properties..

  Open the Edit Properties dialog box

Ctrl+ Edit Select

  Together with the Unselect, Unselect All and Invert Selection commands, this provides an easy and powerful way of selecting multiple files.

  It brings up a simple dialog box where you can enter a file name using the wild card characters * and ?, for example entering `*.html` will select all files ending with `.html` while `?a*` will select all files which have the letter a as the second character in their filename.

Ctrl- Edit Unselect

  Unselect file or folder

Ctrl U Edit Unselect All

  Unselect all selected files or folders

Ctrl* Edit Invert Selection

  Invert current selection

#### Alt V View

View View Mode...

  Selects Icon, Text, MultiColumn View, Detailed List or Tree view mode.

View Use index.html

  If a selected directory contains a file "`index.html`", it will be opened as a web page rather than showing the directory as a list of files.

View Lock to current location

  Lock to current location.

View Unlock all views

  Unlock all views.

View Link View

  Link current view to others in a multiple view window.

F5 View Reload

  Reload

Esc View Stop

  Stop load (particularly useful when web browsing).

Ctrl P View Print...

  Print.

Ctrl P View Print Frame

  Print selected frame of a Web page

View Icon Mode...

  Select size of icons and position of text used when wiewing a directory in Icon Mode.

View View Document Source

  View document source text

  Only available if you are viewing a document or HTML page.

View View Frame Source

  View frame source text

  Only applies if you are viewing a web site that uses frames. Similar to View Document Source.

View Save Background Image As...

  Save background image

  Only applies if you are viewing a web page with a background image. Opens the Save As dialog box to let you save the background image file to your own computer.

View Save As...

  Save

  Only applies if you are viewing a document or web page, uses the Save As dialog box to let you save a copy to your own computer.

View Save Frame As...

  Similar to Save As but for use with a web site that uses frames.

View Set Encoding

  Set encoding

  Allows you to choose the character encoding used to display HTML pages. "Auto" is usually the best choice.

View Sort...

  Choose order in which items are presented in the window.

View Image Preview

  Preview image.

View Show Hidden Files

  Show hidden (dot) files

View Background Color...

  Select background color

View Background Image...

  Select background image

#### Alt G Go

Ctrl UpArrow Go Up

  Go up a level in the directory hierarchy

Ctrl LeftArrow Go Back

  Go back to the previous view

Ctrl RightArrow Go Forward

  You can only go forward if you've just gone back.

Ctrl Home Go Home URL

  Go to your home directory

Go Applications

  Open the directory holding your applications.

Go Directory Tree

  Show the directory tree in separate window

Go Trash

  Open your `Trash` directory in a separate window.

Go Templates

  Open the `Templates` directory in a separate window.

Go Autostart

  Open your `Autostart` directory at `~/.kde/Autostart` in a separate window.

#### Alt B Bookmarks

Bookmarks Edit Bookmarks...

  Open your bookmarks directory `~/.kde/share/apps/kfm/bookmarks` in a separate window

Ctrl B Bookmarks Add Bookmark

  Add current selection to your bookmarks.

Bookmarks New Folder

  Create a new folder in your Bookmarks dirctory.

Bookmarks Netscape Bookmarks

  To see and use your Netscape bookmarks.

Bookmarks Bookmark Toolbar

  To see, edit and use your Bookmarkbar entries.

#### Alt T Tools

Alt F2 Tools Run Command...

  Run a program by entering its name in a simple dialog box.

Ctrl T Tools Open Terminal...

  Open a Konsole terminal window.

Tools Find File...

  Open the Kfind application.

#### Alt S Settings

Settings Show Menubar

  Show/Hide the menubar

Settings Show Toolbar

  Show/Hide the toolbar

Settings Show Location Toolbar

  Show/Hide the locationbar

Settings Show Bookmark Toolbar

  Show/Hide the bookmarkbar

Settings Save View Properties to Directory

  Save View properties to directory.

Settings Remove Directory Properties

  Remove directory properties.

Settings Configure

  Lets you configure the File manager, File Associations, Browser, Internet Keywords, Cookies, Proxies, Key Bindings or Toolbars by bringing up the appropriate dialog box

#### Alt W Window

Ctrl Shift L Window Split View Left/Right

  Split View Left/Right

Ctrl Shift T Window Split View Top/Bottom

  Split View Top/Bottom

Window New View On Right

  Add a new view at the right of &Konqueror;'s window.

Window New View At Bottom

  Add a new view at the bottom of &Konqueror;'s window.

Ctrl Shift R Window Remove Active View

  Remove Active View

Window Show Directory Tree

  Show the directory tree in a new pane in the current window.

Window Show Terminal Emulator

  Open a small text terminal view at the bottom of the main window.

Window Save/Remove View Profile

  Save/Remove View Profile

Window Load View Profile

  Load View Profile

Ctrl Shift F Window Fullscreen Mode

  Fullscreen Mode

#### Alt H Help

F1 Help Contents

  Contents

Shift F1 Help What's This?

  Draws a question mark (?) beside the mouse pointer, clicking on a window item such as the Stop button will then display a brief explanation.

Help Report Bug...

  Report bug

Help About konqueror...

  About konqueror

Help About KDE...

  About KDE

## Credits and License

&Konqueror;. Program copyright 1999-2000, the &Konqueror developers:

- Torben Weis weis@kde.org kfm author

- David Faure faure@kde.org developer (parts, I/O lib) and maintainer

- Simon Hausmann hausmann@kde.org developer (framework, parts)

- Michael Reiher michael.reiher@gmx.de developer (framework)

- Mattias Welk welk@fokus.gmd.de developer

- Alexander Neundorf neundorf@kde.org developer (list views)

- Lars Knoll knoll@kde.org developer (HTML rendering engine)

- Antti Koivisto koivisto@kde.org developer (HTML rendering engine)

- Dirk Mueller mueller@kde.org developer (HTML rendering engine)

- Waldo Bastian bastian@kde.org developer (HTML rendering engine, I/O lib)

- Matt Koss koss@napri.sk developer (I/O lib)

- Alex Zepeda jazepeda@pacbell.net developer (I/O lib)

- Stephan Kulow coolo@kde.org developer (I/O lib)

- Richard Moore rich@kde.org developer (Java applet support)

- Dima Rogozin dima@mercury.co.il developer (Java applet support)

- Harri Porten porten@kde.org developer (JavaScript)

- Peter Kelly pmk@post.com developer (HTML rendering engine, JavaScript)

Documentation copyright 2000

- Erwan Loisant erwan@loisant.org

- Pamela Roberts pam.roberts@btinternet.com

Translations done by:

&underFDL; &underGPL;